libc, seconds: new time and date apis.

Redo date handling in libc almost entirely. This allows
handling dates and times from outside your timezones,
fixes timezone loading in multithreaded applications,
and allows parsing and formatting using custom format
strings.

As a test of the APIs, we replace the formatting code in
seconds(1), shrinking it massively.

1 files changed, 49 insertions, 443 deletions

diff --git a/sys/src/cmd/seconds.c b/sys/src/cmd/seconds.c
index 69e243301..2c5fc3333 100644
--- a/sys/src/cmd/seconds.c
+++ b/sys/src/cmd/seconds.c
@@ -1,236 +1,36 @@
-/*
- * seconds absolute_date ... - convert absolute_date to seconds since epoch
- */
-
 #include <u.h>
 #include <libc.h>
-#include <ctype.h>
-
-typedef ulong Time;
-
-enum {
-	AM, PM, HR24,
-
-	/* token types */
-	Month = 1,
-	Year,
-	Day,
-	Timetok,
-	Tz,
-	Dtz,
-	Ignore,
-	Ampm,
-
-	Maxtok		= 6, /* only this many chars are stored in datetktbl */
-	Maxdateflds	= 25,
-};
-
-/*
- * macros for squeezing values into low 7 bits of "value".
- * all timezones we care about are divisible by 10, and the largest value
- * (780) when divided is 78.
- */
-#define TOVAL(tp, v)	((tp)->value = (v) / 10)
-#define FROMVAL(tp)	((tp)->value * 10)	/* uncompress */
-
-/* keep this struct small since we have an array of them */
-typedef struct {
-	char	token[Maxtok];
-	char	type;
-	schar	value;
-} Datetok;
-
-int dtok_numparsed;
-
-/* forwards */
-Datetok	*datetoktype(char *s, int *bigvalp);
-
-static Datetok datetktbl[];
-static unsigned szdatetktbl;
-
-/* parse 1- or 2-digit number, advance *cpp past it */
-static int
-eatnum(char **cpp)
-{
-	int c, x;
-	char *cp;
-
-	cp = *cpp;
-	c = *cp;
-	if (!isascii(c) || !isdigit(c))
-		return -1;
-	x = c - '0';
-
-	c = *++cp;
-	if (isascii(c) && isdigit(c)) {
-		x = 10*x + c - '0';
-		cp++;
-	}
-	*cpp = cp;
-	return x;
-}
-
-/* return -1 on failure */
-int
-parsetime(char *time, Tm *tm)
-{
-	tm->hour = eatnum(&time);
-	if (tm->hour == -1 || *time++ != ':')
-		return -1;			/* only hour; too short */
-
-	tm->min = eatnum(&time);
-	if (tm->min == -1)
-		return -1;
-	if (*time++ != ':') {
-		tm->sec = 0;
-		return 0;			/* no seconds; okay */
-	}
-
-	tm->sec = eatnum(&time);
-	if (tm->sec == -1)
-		return -1;
-
-	/* this may be considered too strict.  garbage at end of time? */
-	return *time == '\0' || isascii(*time) && isspace(*time)? 0: -1;
-}
 
 /*
- * try to parse pre-split timestr in fields as an absolute date
+ * seconds absolute_date ... - convert absolute_date to seconds since epoch
  */
-int
-tryabsdate(char **fields, int nf, Tm *now, Tm *tm)
-{
-	int i, mer = HR24, bigval = -1;
-	long flg = 0, ty;
-	Datetok *tp;
-
-	now = localtime(time(0));	/* default to local time (zone) */
-	tm->tzoff = now->tzoff;
-	strncpy(tm->zone, now->zone, sizeof tm->zone);
-
-	tm->mday = tm->mon = tm->year = -1;	/* mandatory */
-	tm->hour = tm->min = tm->sec = 0;
-	dtok_numparsed = 0;
-
-	for (i = 0; i < nf; i++) {
-		if (fields[i][0] == '\0')
-			continue;
-		tp = datetoktype(fields[i], &bigval);
-		ty = (1L << tp->type) & ~(1L << Ignore);
-		if (flg & ty)
-			return -1;		/* repeated type */
-		flg |= ty;
-		switch (tp->type) {
-		case Year:
-			tm->year = bigval;
-			if (tm->year < 1970 || tm->year > 2106)
-				return -1;	/* can't represent in ulong */
-			/* convert 4-digit year to 1900 origin */
-			if (tm->year >= 1900)
-				tm->year -= 1900;
-			break;
-		case Day:
-			tm->mday = bigval;
-			break;
-		case Month:
-			tm->mon = tp->value - 1; /* convert to zero-origin */
-			break;
-		case Timetok:
-			if (parsetime(fields[i], tm) < 0)
-				return -1;
-			break;
-		case Dtz:
-		case Tz:
-			/* tm2sec mangles timezones, so we do our own handling */
-			tm->tzoff = FROMVAL(tp);
-			snprint(tm->zone, sizeof(tm->zone), "GMT");
-			break;
-		case Ignore:
-			break;
-		case Ampm:
-			mer = tp->value;
-			break;
-		default:
-			return -1;	/* bad token type: CANTHAPPEN */
-		}
-	}
-	if (tm->year == -1 || tm->mon == -1 || tm->mday == -1)
-		return -1;		/* missing component */
-	if (mer == PM)
-		tm->hour += 12;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-int
-prsabsdate(char *timestr, Tm *now, Tm *tm)
-{
-	int nf;
-	char *fields[Maxdateflds];
-	static char delims[] = "- \t\n/,";
-
-	nf = gettokens(timestr, fields, nelem(fields), delims+1);
-	if (nf > nelem(fields))
-		return -1;
-	if (tryabsdate(fields, nf, now, tm) < 0) {
-		char *p = timestr;
-
-		/*
-		 * could be a DEC-date; glue it all back together, split it
-		 * with dash as a delimiter and try again.  Yes, this is a
-		 * hack, but so are DEC-dates.
-		 */
-		while (--nf > 0) {
-			while (*p++ != '\0')
-				;
-			p[-1] = ' ';
-		}
-		nf = gettokens(timestr, fields, nelem(fields), delims);
-		if (nf > nelem(fields) || tryabsdate(fields, nf, now, tm) < 0)
-			return -1;
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-int
-validtm(Tm *tm)
-{
-	if (tm->year < 0 || tm->mon < 0 || tm->mon > 11 ||
-	    tm->mday < 1 || tm->hour < 0 || tm->hour >= 24 ||
-	    tm->min < 0 || tm->min > 59 ||
-	    tm->sec < 0 || tm->sec > 61)	/* allow 2 leap seconds */
-		return 0;
-	return 1;
-}
-
-Time
-seconds(char *timestr)
-{
-	Tm date;
-
-	memset(&date, 0, sizeof date);
-	if (prsabsdate(timestr, localtime(time(0)), &date) < 0)
-		return -1;
-	return validtm(&date)? tm2sec(&date) - 60*date.tzoff: -1;
-}
-
-int
-convert(char *timestr)
-{
-	char *copy;
-	Time tstime;
-
-	copy = strdup(timestr);
-	if (copy == nil)
-		sysfatal("out of memory");
-	tstime = seconds(copy);
-	free(copy);
-	if (tstime == -1) {
-		fprint(2, "%s: `%s' not a valid date\n", argv0, timestr);
-		return 1;
-	}
-	print("%lud\n", tstime);
-	return 0;
-}
+char *formats[] = {
+	/* asctime */
+	"W MMM DD hh:mm:ss ?Z YYYY",
+	/* RFC5322 */
+	"?W ?DD ?MMM ?YYYY hh:mm:ss ?Z",
+	"?W, DD-?MM-YY hh:mm:ss ?Z",
+	/* RFC822/RFC8222 */
+	"DD MMM YY hh:mm ZZZ",
+	"DD MMM YY hh:mm Z",
+	/* RFC850 */
+	"W, DD-MMM-YY hh:mm:ss MST",
+	/* RFC1123 */
+	"WW, DD MMM YYYY hh:mm:ss ZZZ",
+	/* RFC1123Z */
+	"WW, DD MMM YYYY hh:mm:ss ZZ",
+	/* RFC3339 */
+	"YYYY-MM-DD[T]hh:mm:ss[Z]ZZ",
+	"YYYY-MM-DD[T]hh:mm:ss[Z]Z",
+	"YYYY-MM-DD[T]hh:mm:ss ZZ",
+	"YYYY-MM-DD[T]hh:mm:ss Z",
+	/* RFC 3339 and human-readable variants */
+	"YYYY-MM-DD hh:mm:ss",
+	"YYYY-MM-DD hh:mm:ss ?Z",
+	"YYYY-MM-DD [@] hh:mm:ss",
+	"YYYY-MM-DD [@] hh:mm:ss ?Z",
+	nil
+};
 
 static void
 usage(void)
@@ -242,225 +42,31 @@ usage(void)
 void
 main(int argc, char **argv)
 {
-	int i, sts;
+	Tm tm;
+	char **f, *fmt;
+	int i;
 
-	sts = 0;
+	fmt = nil;
 	ARGBEGIN{
+	case 'f':
+		fmt = EARGF(usage());
+		break;
 	default:
 		usage();
-	}ARGEND
-	if (argc == 0)
-		usage();
-	for (i = 0; i < argc; i++)
-		sts |= convert(argv[i]);
-	exits(sts != 0? "bad": 0);
-}
-
-/*
- * Binary search -- from Knuth (6.2.1) Algorithm B.  Special case like this
- * is WAY faster than the generic bsearch().
- */
-Datetok *
-datebsearch(char *key, Datetok *base, unsigned nel)
-{
-	int cmp;
-	Datetok *last = base + nel - 1, *pos;
-
-	while (last >= base) {
-		pos = base + ((last - base) >> 1);
-		cmp = key[0] - pos->token[0];
-		if (cmp == 0) {
-			cmp = strncmp(key, pos->token, Maxtok);
-			if (cmp == 0)
-				return pos;
+	}ARGEND;
+
+	for(i = 0; i < argc; i++){
+		if(fmt != nil){
+			if(tmparse(&tm, fmt, argv[i], nil) != nil)
+				goto Found;
+		}else{
+			for(f = formats; *f != nil; f++)
+				if(tmparse(&tm, *f, argv[i], nil) != nil)
+					goto Found;
 		}
-		if (cmp < 0)
-			last = pos - 1;
-		else
-			base = pos + 1;
+		sysfatal("tmparse: %r");
+Found:
+		print("%lld\n", tm.abs);
 	}
-	return 0;
+	exits(nil);
 }
-
-Datetok *
-datetoktype(char *s, int *bigvalp)
-{
-	char *cp = s;
-	char c = *cp;
-	static Datetok t;
-	Datetok *tp = &t;
-
-	if (isascii(c) && isdigit(c)) {
-		int len = strlen(cp);
-
-		if (len > 3 && (cp[1] == ':' || cp[2] == ':'))
-			tp->type = Timetok;
-		else {
-			if (bigvalp != nil)
-				*bigvalp = atoi(cp); /* won't fit in tp->value */
-			if (len == 4)
-				tp->type = Year;
-			else if (++dtok_numparsed == 1)
-				tp->type = Day;
-			else
-				tp->type = Year;
-		}
-	} else if (c == '-' || c == '+') {
-		int val = atoi(cp + 1);
-		int hr =  val / 100;
-		int min = val % 100;
-
-		val = hr*60 + min;
-		TOVAL(tp, c == '-'? -val: val);
-		tp->type = Tz;
-	} else {
-		char lowtoken[Maxtok+1];
-		char *ltp = lowtoken, *endltp = lowtoken+Maxtok;
-
-		/* copy to lowtoken to avoid modifying s */
-		while ((c = *cp++) != '\0' && ltp < endltp)
-			*ltp++ = (isascii(c) && isupper(c)? tolower(c): c);
-		*ltp = '\0';
-		tp = datebsearch(lowtoken, datetktbl, szdatetktbl);
-		if (tp == nil) {
-			tp = &t;
-			tp->type = Ignore;
-		}
-	}
-	return tp;
-}
-
-
-/*
- * to keep this table reasonably small, we divide the lexval for Tz and Dtz
- * entries by 10 and truncate the text field at MAXTOKLEN characters.
- * the text field is not guaranteed to be NUL-terminated.
- */
-static Datetok datetktbl[] = {
-/*	text		token	lexval */
-	"acsst",	Dtz,	63,	/* Cent. Australia */
-	"acst",		Tz,	57,	/* Cent. Australia */
-	"adt",		Dtz,	-18,	/* Atlantic Daylight Time */
-	"aesst",	Dtz,	66,	/* E. Australia */
-	"aest",		Tz,	60,	/* Australia Eastern Std Time */
-	"ahst",		Tz,	60,	/* Alaska-Hawaii Std Time */
-	"am",		Ampm,	AM,
-	"apr",		Month,	4,
-	"april",	Month,	4,
-	"ast",		Tz,	-24,	/* Atlantic Std Time (Canada) */
-	"at",		Ignore,	0,	/* "at" (throwaway) */
-	"aug",		Month,	8,
-	"august",	Month,	8,
-	"awsst",	Dtz,	54,	/* W. Australia */
-	"awst",		Tz,	48,	/* W. Australia */
-	"bst",		Tz,	6,	/* British Summer Time */
-	"bt",		Tz,	18,	/* Baghdad Time */
-	"cadt",		Dtz,	63,	/* Central Australian DST */
-	"cast",		Tz,	57,	/* Central Australian ST */
-	"cat",		Tz,	-60,	/* Central Alaska Time */
-	"cct",		Tz,	48,	/* China Coast */
-	"cdt",		Dtz,	-30,	/* Central Daylight Time */
-	"cet",		Tz,	6,	/* Central European Time */
-	"cetdst",	Dtz,	12,	/* Central European Dayl.Time */
-	"cst",		Tz,	-36,	/* Central Standard Time */
-	"dec",		Month,	12,
-	"decemb",	Month,	12,
-	"dnt",		Tz,	6,	/* Dansk Normal Tid */
-	"dst",		Ignore,	0,
-	"east",		Tz,	-60,	/* East Australian Std Time */
-	"edt",		Dtz,	-24,	/* Eastern Daylight Time */
-	"eet",		Tz,	12,	/* East. Europe, USSR Zone 1 */
-	"eetdst",	Dtz,	18,	/* Eastern Europe */
-	"est",		Tz,	-30,	/* Eastern Standard Time */
-	"feb",		Month,	2,
-	"februa",	Month,	2,
-	"fri",		Ignore,	5,
-	"friday",	Ignore,	5,
-	"fst",		Tz,	6,	/* French Summer Time */
-	"fwt",		Dtz,	12,	/* French Winter Time  */
-	"gmt",		Tz,	0,	/* Greenwish Mean Time */
-	"gst",		Tz,	60,	/* Guam Std Time, USSR Zone 9 */
-	"hdt",		Dtz,	-54,	/* Hawaii/Alaska */
-	"hmt",		Dtz,	18,	/* Hellas ? ? */
-	"hst",		Tz,	-60,	/* Hawaii Std Time */
-	"idle",		Tz,	72,	/* Intl. Date Line, East */
-	"idlw",		Tz,	-72,	/* Intl. Date Line, West */
-	"ist",		Tz,	12,	/* Israel */
-	"it",		Tz,	22,	/* Iran Time */
-	"jan",		Month,	1,
-	"januar",	Month,	1,
-	"jst",		Tz,	54,	/* Japan Std Time,USSR Zone 8 */
-	"jt",		Tz,	45,	/* Java Time */
-	"jul",		Month,	7,
-	"july",		Month,	7,
-	"jun",		Month,	6,
-	"june",		Month,	6,
-	"kst",		Tz,	54,	/* Korea Standard Time */
-	"ligt",		Tz,	60,	/* From Melbourne, Australia */
-	"mar",		Month,	3,
-	"march",	Month,	3,
-	"may",		Month,	5,
-	"mdt",		Dtz,	-36,	/* Mountain Daylight Time */
-	"mest",		Dtz,	12,	/* Middle Europe Summer Time */
-	"met",		Tz,	6,	/* Middle Europe Time */
-	"metdst",	Dtz,	12,	/* Middle Europe Daylight Time*/
-	"mewt",		Tz,	6,	/* Middle Europe Winter Time */
-	"mez",		Tz,	6,	/* Middle Europe Zone */
-	"mon",		Ignore,	1,
-	"monday",	Ignore,	1,
-	"mst",		Tz,	-42,	/* Mountain Standard Time */
-	"mt",		Tz,	51,	/* Moluccas Time */
-	"ndt",		Dtz,	-15,	/* Nfld. Daylight Time */
-	"nft",		Tz,	-21,	/* Newfoundland Standard Time */
-	"nor",		Tz,	6,	/* Norway Standard Time */
-	"nov",		Month,	11,
-	"novemb",	Month,	11,
-	"nst",		Tz,	-21,	/* Nfld. Standard Time */
-	"nt",		Tz,	-66,	/* Nome Time */
-	"nzdt",		Dtz,	78,	/* New Zealand Daylight Time */
-	"nzst",		Tz,	72,	/* New Zealand Standard Time */
-	"nzt",		Tz,	72,	/* New Zealand Time */
-	"oct",		Month,	10,
-	"octobe",	Month,	10,
-	"on",		Ignore,	0,	/* "on" (throwaway) */
-	"pdt",		Dtz,	-42,	/* Pacific Daylight Time */
-	"pm",		Ampm,	PM,
-	"pst",		Tz,	-48,	/* Pacific Standard Time */
-	"sadt",		Dtz,	63,	/* S. Australian Dayl. Time */
-	"sast",		Tz,	57,	/* South Australian Std Time */
-	"sat",		Ignore,	6,
-	"saturd",	Ignore,	6,
-	"sep",		Month,	9,
-	"sept",		Month,	9,
-	"septem",	Month,	9,
-	"set",		Tz,	-6,	/* Seychelles Time ?? */
-	"sst",		Dtz,	12,	/* Swedish Summer Time */
-	"sun",		Ignore,	0,
-	"sunday",	Ignore,	0,
-	"swt",		Tz,	6,	/* Swedish Winter Time  */
-	"thu",		Ignore,	4,
-	"thur",		Ignore,	4,
-	"thurs",	Ignore,	4,
-	"thursd",	Ignore,	4,
-	"tue",		Ignore,	2,
-	"tues",		Ignore,	2,
-	"tuesda",	Ignore,	2,
-	"ut",		Tz,	0,
-	"utc",		Tz,	0,
-	"wadt",		Dtz,	48,	/* West Australian DST */
-	"wast",		Tz,	42,	/* West Australian Std Time */
-	"wat",		Tz,	-6,	/* West Africa Time */
-	"wdt",		Dtz,	54,	/* West Australian DST */
-	"wed",		Ignore,	3,
-	"wednes",	Ignore,	3,
-	"weds",		Ignore,	3,
-	"wet",		Tz,	0,	/* Western Europe */
-	"wetdst",	Dtz,	6,	/* Western Europe */
-	"wst",		Tz,	48,	/* West Australian Std Time */
-	"ydt",		Dtz,	-48,	/* Yukon Daylight Time */
-	"yst",		Tz,	-54,	/* Yukon Standard Time */
-	"zp4",		Tz,	-24,	/* GMT +4  hours. */
-	"zp5",		Tz,	-30,	/* GMT +5  hours. */
-	"zp6",		Tz,	-36,	/* GMT +6  hours. */
-};
-static unsigned szdatetktbl = nelem(datetktbl);