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+\section{\module{httplib} ---
+         HTTP protocol client}
+
+\declaremodule{standard}{httplib}
+\modulesynopsis{HTTP and HTTPS protocol client (requires sockets).}
+
+\indexii{HTTP}{protocol}
+\index{HTTP!\module{httplib} (standard module)}
+
+This module defines classes which implement the client side of the
+HTTP and HTTPS protocols.  It is normally not used directly --- the
+module \refmodule{urllib}\refstmodindex{urllib} uses it to handle URLs
+that use HTTP and HTTPS.
+
+\begin{notice}
+  HTTPS support is only available if the \refmodule{socket} module was
+  compiled with SSL support.
+\end{notice}
+
+\begin{notice}
+  The public interface for this module changed substantially in Python
+  2.0.  The \class{HTTP} class is retained only for backward
+  compatibility with 1.5.2.  It should not be used in new code.  Refer
+  to the online docstrings for usage.
+\end{notice}
+
+The module provides the following classes:
+
+\begin{classdesc}{HTTPConnection}{host\optional{, port}}
+An \class{HTTPConnection} instance represents one transaction with an HTTP
+server.  It should be instantiated passing it a host and optional port number.
+If no port number is passed, the port is extracted from the host string if it
+has the form \code{\var{host}:\var{port}}, else the default HTTP port (80) is
+used.  For example, the following calls all create instances that connect to
+the server at the same host and port:
+
+\begin{verbatim}
+>>> h1 = httplib.HTTPConnection('www.cwi.nl')
+>>> h2 = httplib.HTTPConnection('www.cwi.nl:80')
+>>> h3 = httplib.HTTPConnection('www.cwi.nl', 80)
+\end{verbatim}
+\versionadded{2.0}
+\end{classdesc}
+
+\begin{classdesc}{HTTPSConnection}{host\optional{, port, key_file, cert_file}}
+A subclass of \class{HTTPConnection} that uses SSL for communication with
+secure servers.  Default port is \code{443}.
+\var{key_file} is
+the name of a PEM formatted file that contains your private
+key. \var{cert_file} is a PEM formatted certificate chain file.
+
+\warning{This does not do any certificate verification!}
+
+\versionadded{2.0}
+\end{classdesc}
+
+\begin{classdesc}{HTTPResponse}{sock\optional{, debuglevel=0}\optional{, strict=0}}
+Class whose instances are returned upon successful connection.  Not
+instantiated directly by user.
+\versionadded{2.0}
+\end{classdesc}
+
+The following exceptions are raised as appropriate:
+
+\begin{excdesc}{HTTPException}
+The base class of the other exceptions in this module.  It is a
+subclass of \exception{Exception}.
+\versionadded{2.0}
+\end{excdesc}
+
+\begin{excdesc}{NotConnected}
+A subclass of \exception{HTTPException}.
+\versionadded{2.0}
+\end{excdesc}
+
+\begin{excdesc}{InvalidURL}
+A subclass of \exception{HTTPException}, raised if a port is given and is
+either non-numeric or empty.
+\versionadded{2.3}
+\end{excdesc}
+
+\begin{excdesc}{UnknownProtocol}
+A subclass of \exception{HTTPException}.
+\versionadded{2.0}
+\end{excdesc}
+
+\begin{excdesc}{UnknownTransferEncoding}
+A subclass of \exception{HTTPException}.
+\versionadded{2.0}
+\end{excdesc}
+
+\begin{excdesc}{UnimplementedFileMode}
+A subclass of \exception{HTTPException}.
+\versionadded{2.0}
+\end{excdesc}
+
+\begin{excdesc}{IncompleteRead}
+A subclass of \exception{HTTPException}.
+\versionadded{2.0}
+\end{excdesc}
+
+\begin{excdesc}{ImproperConnectionState}
+A subclass of \exception{HTTPException}.
+\versionadded{2.0}
+\end{excdesc}
+
+\begin{excdesc}{CannotSendRequest}
+A subclass of \exception{ImproperConnectionState}.
+\versionadded{2.0}
+\end{excdesc}
+
+\begin{excdesc}{CannotSendHeader}
+A subclass of \exception{ImproperConnectionState}.
+\versionadded{2.0}
+\end{excdesc}
+
+\begin{excdesc}{ResponseNotReady}
+A subclass of \exception{ImproperConnectionState}.
+\versionadded{2.0}
+\end{excdesc}
+
+\begin{excdesc}{BadStatusLine}
+A subclass of \exception{HTTPException}.  Raised if a server responds with a
+HTTP status code that we don't understand.
+\versionadded{2.0}
+\end{excdesc}
+
+The constants defined in this module are:
+
+\begin{datadesc}{HTTP_PORT}
+  The default port for the HTTP protocol (always \code{80}).
+\end{datadesc}
+
+\begin{datadesc}{HTTPS_PORT}
+  The default port for the HTTPS protocol (always \code{443}).
+\end{datadesc}
+
+and also the following constants for integer status codes:
+
+\begin{tableiii}{l|c|l}{constant}{Constant}{Value}{Definition}
+  \lineiii{CONTINUE}{\code{100}}
+    {HTTP/1.1, \ulink{RFC 2616, Section 10.1.1}
+      {http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.1.1}}
+  \lineiii{SWITCHING_PROTOCOLS}{\code{101}}
+    {HTTP/1.1, \ulink{RFC 2616, Section 10.1.2}
+      {http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.1.2}}
+  \lineiii{PROCESSING}{\code{102}}
+    {WEBDAV, \ulink{RFC 2518, Section 10.1}
+      {http://www.webdav.org/specs/rfc2518.html#STATUS_102}}
+
+  \lineiii{OK}{\code{200}}
+    {HTTP/1.1, \ulink{RFC 2616, Section 10.2.1}
+      {http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.2.1}}
+  \lineiii{CREATED}{\code{201}}
+    {HTTP/1.1, \ulink{RFC 2616, Section 10.2.2}
+      {http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.2.2}}
+  \lineiii{ACCEPTED}{\code{202}}
+    {HTTP/1.1, \ulink{RFC 2616, Section 10.2.3}
+      {http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.2.3}}
+  \lineiii{NON_AUTHORITATIVE_INFORMATION}{\code{203}}
+    {HTTP/1.1, \ulink{RFC 2616, Section 10.2.4}
+      {http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.2.4}}
+  \lineiii{NO_CONTENT}{\code{204}}
+    {HTTP/1.1, \ulink{RFC 2616, Section 10.2.5}
+      {http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.2.5}}
+  \lineiii{RESET_CONTENT}{\code{205}}
+    {HTTP/1.1, \ulink{RFC 2616, Section 10.2.6}
+      {http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.2.6}}
+  \lineiii{PARTIAL_CONTENT}{\code{206}}
+    {HTTP/1.1, \ulink{RFC 2616, Section 10.2.7}
+      {http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.2.7}}
+  \lineiii{MULTI_STATUS}{\code{207}}
+    {WEBDAV \ulink{RFC 2518, Section 10.2}
+      {http://www.webdav.org/specs/rfc2518.html#STATUS_207}}
+  \lineiii{IM_USED}{\code{226}}
+    {Delta encoding in HTTP, \rfc{3229}, Section 10.4.1}
+
+  \lineiii{MULTIPLE_CHOICES}{\code{300}}
+    {HTTP/1.1, \ulink{RFC 2616, Section 10.3.1}
+      {http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.3.1}}
+  \lineiii{MOVED_PERMANENTLY}{\code{301}}
+    {HTTP/1.1, \ulink{RFC 2616, Section 10.3.2}
+      {http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.3.2}}
+  \lineiii{FOUND}{\code{302}}
+    {HTTP/1.1, \ulink{RFC 2616, Section 10.3.3}
+      {http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.3.3}}
+  \lineiii{SEE_OTHER}{\code{303}}
+    {HTTP/1.1, \ulink{RFC 2616, Section 10.3.4}
+      {http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.3.4}}
+  \lineiii{NOT_MODIFIED}{\code{304}}
+    {HTTP/1.1, \ulink{RFC 2616, Section 10.3.5}
+      {http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.3.5}}
+  \lineiii{USE_PROXY}{\code{305}}
+    {HTTP/1.1, \ulink{RFC 2616, Section 10.3.6}
+      {http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.3.6}}
+  \lineiii{TEMPORARY_REDIRECT}{\code{307}}
+    {HTTP/1.1, \ulink{RFC 2616, Section 10.3.8}
+      {http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.3.8}}
+
+  \lineiii{BAD_REQUEST}{\code{400}}
+    {HTTP/1.1, \ulink{RFC 2616, Section 10.4.1}
+      {http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.4.1}}
+  \lineiii{UNAUTHORIZED}{\code{401}}
+    {HTTP/1.1, \ulink{RFC 2616, Section 10.4.2}
+      {http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.4.2}}
+  \lineiii{PAYMENT_REQUIRED}{\code{402}}
+    {HTTP/1.1, \ulink{RFC 2616, Section 10.4.3}
+      {http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.4.3}}
+  \lineiii{FORBIDDEN}{\code{403}}
+    {HTTP/1.1, \ulink{RFC 2616, Section 10.4.4}
+      {http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.4.4}}
+  \lineiii{NOT_FOUND}{\code{404}}
+    {HTTP/1.1, \ulink{RFC 2616, Section 10.4.5}
+      {http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.4.5}}
+  \lineiii{METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED}{\code{405}}
+    {HTTP/1.1, \ulink{RFC 2616, Section 10.4.6}
+      {http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.4.6}}
+  \lineiii{NOT_ACCEPTABLE}{\code{406}}
+    {HTTP/1.1, \ulink{RFC 2616, Section 10.4.7}
+      {http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.4.7}}
+  \lineiii{PROXY_AUTHENTICATION_REQUIRED}
+    {\code{407}}{HTTP/1.1, \ulink{RFC 2616, Section 10.4.8}
+      {http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.4.8}}
+  \lineiii{REQUEST_TIMEOUT}{\code{408}}
+    {HTTP/1.1, \ulink{RFC 2616, Section 10.4.9}
+      {http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.4.9}}
+  \lineiii{CONFLICT}{\code{409}}
+    {HTTP/1.1, \ulink{RFC 2616, Section 10.4.10}
+      {http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.4.10}}
+  \lineiii{GONE}{\code{410}}
+    {HTTP/1.1, \ulink{RFC 2616, Section 10.4.11}
+      {http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.4.11}}
+  \lineiii{LENGTH_REQUIRED}{\code{411}}
+    {HTTP/1.1, \ulink{RFC 2616, Section 10.4.12}
+      {http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.4.12}}
+  \lineiii{PRECONDITION_FAILED}{\code{412}}
+    {HTTP/1.1, \ulink{RFC 2616, Section 10.4.13}
+      {http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.4.13}}
+  \lineiii{REQUEST_ENTITY_TOO_LARGE}
+    {\code{413}}{HTTP/1.1, \ulink{RFC 2616, Section 10.4.14}
+      {http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.4.14}}
+  \lineiii{REQUEST_URI_TOO_LONG}{\code{414}}
+    {HTTP/1.1, \ulink{RFC 2616, Section 10.4.15}
+      {http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.4.15}}
+  \lineiii{UNSUPPORTED_MEDIA_TYPE}{\code{415}}
+    {HTTP/1.1, \ulink{RFC 2616, Section 10.4.16}
+      {http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.4.16}}
+  \lineiii{REQUESTED_RANGE_NOT_SATISFIABLE}{\code{416}}
+    {HTTP/1.1, \ulink{RFC 2616, Section 10.4.17}
+      {http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.4.17}}
+  \lineiii{EXPECTATION_FAILED}{\code{417}}
+    {HTTP/1.1, \ulink{RFC 2616, Section 10.4.18}
+      {http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.4.18}}
+  \lineiii{UNPROCESSABLE_ENTITY}{\code{422}}
+    {WEBDAV, \ulink{RFC 2518, Section 10.3}
+      {http://www.webdav.org/specs/rfc2518.html#STATUS_422}}
+  \lineiii{LOCKED}{\code{423}}
+    {WEBDAV \ulink{RFC 2518, Section 10.4}
+      {http://www.webdav.org/specs/rfc2518.html#STATUS_423}}
+  \lineiii{FAILED_DEPENDENCY}{\code{424}}
+    {WEBDAV, \ulink{RFC 2518, Section 10.5}
+      {http://www.webdav.org/specs/rfc2518.html#STATUS_424}}
+  \lineiii{UPGRADE_REQUIRED}{\code{426}}
+    {HTTP Upgrade to TLS, \rfc{2817}, Section 6}
+
+  \lineiii{INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR}{\code{500}}
+    {HTTP/1.1, \ulink{RFC 2616, Section 10.5.1}
+      {http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.5.1}}
+  \lineiii{NOT_IMPLEMENTED}{\code{501}}
+    {HTTP/1.1, \ulink{RFC 2616, Section 10.5.2}
+      {http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.5.2}}
+  \lineiii{BAD_GATEWAY}{\code{502}}
+    {HTTP/1.1 \ulink{RFC 2616, Section 10.5.3}
+      {http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.5.3}}
+  \lineiii{SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE}{\code{503}}
+    {HTTP/1.1, \ulink{RFC 2616, Section 10.5.4}
+      {http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.5.4}}
+  \lineiii{GATEWAY_TIMEOUT}{\code{504}}
+    {HTTP/1.1 \ulink{RFC 2616, Section 10.5.5}
+      {http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.5.5}}
+  \lineiii{HTTP_VERSION_NOT_SUPPORTED}{\code{505}}
+    {HTTP/1.1, \ulink{RFC 2616, Section 10.5.6}
+      {http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.5.6}}
+  \lineiii{INSUFFICIENT_STORAGE}{\code{507}}
+    {WEBDAV, \ulink{RFC 2518, Section 10.6}
+      {http://www.webdav.org/specs/rfc2518.html#STATUS_507}}
+  \lineiii{NOT_EXTENDED}{\code{510}}
+    {An HTTP Extension Framework, \rfc{2774}, Section 7}
+\end{tableiii}
+
+\begin{datadesc}{responses}
+This dictionary maps the HTTP 1.1 status codes to the W3C names.
+
+Example: \code{httplib.responses[httplib.NOT_FOUND]} is \code{'Not Found'}.
+\versionadded{2.5}
+\end{datadesc}
+
+
+\subsection{HTTPConnection Objects \label{httpconnection-objects}}
+
+\class{HTTPConnection} instances have the following methods:
+
+\begin{methoddesc}{request}{method, url\optional{, body\optional{, headers}}}
+This will send a request to the server using the HTTP request method
+\var{method} and the selector \var{url}.  If the \var{body} argument is
+present, it should be a string of data to send after the headers are finished.
+The header Content-Length is automatically set to the correct value.
+The \var{headers} argument should be a mapping of extra HTTP headers to send
+with the request.
+\end{methoddesc}
+
+\begin{methoddesc}{getresponse}{}
+Should be called after a request is sent to get the response from the server.
+Returns an \class{HTTPResponse} instance.
+\note{Note that you must have read the whole response before you can send a new
+request to the server.}
+\end{methoddesc}
+
+\begin{methoddesc}{set_debuglevel}{level}
+Set the debugging level (the amount of debugging output printed).
+The default debug level is \code{0}, meaning no debugging output is
+printed.
+\end{methoddesc}
+
+\begin{methoddesc}{connect}{}
+Connect to the server specified when the object was created.
+\end{methoddesc}
+
+\begin{methoddesc}{close}{}
+Close the connection to the server.
+\end{methoddesc}
+
+As an alternative to using the \method{request()} method described above,
+you can also send your request step by step, by using the four functions
+below.
+
+\begin{methoddesc}{putrequest}{request, selector\optional{,
+skip\_host\optional{, skip_accept_encoding}}}
+This should be the first call after the connection to the server has
+been made.  It sends a line to the server consisting of the
+\var{request} string, the \var{selector} string, and the HTTP version
+(\code{HTTP/1.1}).  To disable automatic sending of \code{Host:} or
+\code{Accept-Encoding:} headers (for example to accept additional
+content encodings), specify \var{skip_host} or \var{skip_accept_encoding}
+with non-False values.
+\versionchanged[\var{skip_accept_encoding} argument added]{2.4}
+\end{methoddesc}
+
+\begin{methoddesc}{putheader}{header, argument\optional{, ...}}
+Send an \rfc{822}-style header to the server.  It sends a line to the
+server consisting of the header, a colon and a space, and the first
+argument.  If more arguments are given, continuation lines are sent,
+each consisting of a tab and an argument.
+\end{methoddesc}
+
+\begin{methoddesc}{endheaders}{}
+Send a blank line to the server, signalling the end of the headers.
+\end{methoddesc}
+
+\begin{methoddesc}{send}{data}
+Send data to the server.  This should be used directly only after the
+\method{endheaders()} method has been called and before
+\method{getresponse()} is called.
+\end{methoddesc}
+
+\subsection{HTTPResponse Objects \label{httpresponse-objects}}
+
+\class{HTTPResponse} instances have the following methods and attributes:
+
+\begin{methoddesc}{read}{\optional{amt}}
+Reads and returns the response body, or up to the next \var{amt} bytes.
+\end{methoddesc}
+
+\begin{methoddesc}{getheader}{name\optional{, default}}
+Get the contents of the header \var{name}, or \var{default} if there is no
+matching header.
+\end{methoddesc}
+
+\begin{methoddesc}{getheaders}{}
+Return a list of (header, value) tuples. \versionadded{2.4}
+\end{methoddesc}
+
+\begin{datadesc}{msg}
+  A \class{mimetools.Message} instance containing the response headers.
+\end{datadesc}
+
+\begin{datadesc}{version}
+  HTTP protocol version used by server.  10 for HTTP/1.0, 11 for HTTP/1.1.
+\end{datadesc}
+
+\begin{datadesc}{status}
+  Status code returned by server.
+\end{datadesc}
+
+\begin{datadesc}{reason}
+  Reason phrase returned by server.
+\end{datadesc}
+
+
+\subsection{Examples \label{httplib-examples}}
+
+Here is an example session that uses the \samp{GET} method:
+
+\begin{verbatim}
+>>> import httplib
+>>> conn = httplib.HTTPConnection("www.python.org")
+>>> conn.request("GET", "/index.html")
+>>> r1 = conn.getresponse()
+>>> print r1.status, r1.reason
+200 OK
+>>> data1 = r1.read()
+>>> conn.request("GET", "/parrot.spam")
+>>> r2 = conn.getresponse()
+>>> print r2.status, r2.reason
+404 Not Found
+>>> data2 = r2.read()
+>>> conn.close()
+\end{verbatim}
+
+Here is an example session that shows how to \samp{POST} requests:
+
+\begin{verbatim}
+>>> import httplib, urllib
+>>> params = urllib.urlencode({'spam': 1, 'eggs': 2, 'bacon': 0})
+>>> headers = {"Content-type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded",
+...            "Accept": "text/plain"}
+>>> conn = httplib.HTTPConnection("musi-cal.mojam.com:80")
+>>> conn.request("POST", "/cgi-bin/query", params, headers)
+>>> response = conn.getresponse()
+>>> print response.status, response.reason
+200 OK
+>>> data = response.read()
+>>> conn.close()
+\end{verbatim}