add hg and python

1 files changed, 1771 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/sys/src/cmd/python/Python/getargs.c b/sys/src/cmd/python/Python/getargs.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d62559863
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sys/src/cmd/python/Python/getargs.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1771 @@
+
+/* New getargs implementation */
+
+#include "Python.h"
+
+#include <ctype.h>
+
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" { 
+#endif
+int PyArg_Parse(PyObject *, const char *, ...);
+int PyArg_ParseTuple(PyObject *, const char *, ...);
+int PyArg_VaParse(PyObject *, const char *, va_list);
+
+int PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(PyObject *, PyObject *,
+				const char *, char **, ...);
+int PyArg_VaParseTupleAndKeywords(PyObject *, PyObject *,
+				const char *, char **, va_list);
+
+#ifdef HAVE_DECLSPEC_DLL
+/* Export functions */
+PyAPI_FUNC(int) _PyArg_Parse_SizeT(PyObject *, char *, ...);
+PyAPI_FUNC(int) _PyArg_ParseTuple_SizeT(PyObject *, char *, ...);
+PyAPI_FUNC(int) _PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords_SizeT(PyObject *, PyObject *,
+                                                  const char *, char **, ...);
+PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) _Py_BuildValue_SizeT(const char *, ...);
+PyAPI_FUNC(int) _PyArg_VaParse_SizeT(PyObject *, char *, va_list);
+PyAPI_FUNC(int) _PyArg_VaParseTupleAndKeywords_SizeT(PyObject *, PyObject *,
+                                              const char *, char **, va_list);
+#endif
+
+#define FLAG_COMPAT 1
+#define FLAG_SIZE_T 2
+
+
+/* Forward */
+static int vgetargs1(PyObject *, const char *, va_list *, int);
+static void seterror(int, const char *, int *, const char *, const char *);
+static char *convertitem(PyObject *, const char **, va_list *, int, int *, 
+                         char *, size_t, PyObject **);
+static char *converttuple(PyObject *, const char **, va_list *, int,
+			  int *, char *, size_t, int, PyObject **);
+static char *convertsimple(PyObject *, const char **, va_list *, int, char *,
+			   size_t, PyObject **);
+static Py_ssize_t convertbuffer(PyObject *, void **p, char **);
+
+static int vgetargskeywords(PyObject *, PyObject *,
+			    const char *, char **, va_list *, int);
+static char *skipitem(const char **, va_list *, int);
+
+int
+PyArg_Parse(PyObject *args, const char *format, ...)
+{
+	int retval;
+	va_list va;
+	
+	va_start(va, format);
+	retval = vgetargs1(args, format, &va, FLAG_COMPAT);
+	va_end(va);
+	return retval;
+}
+
+int
+_PyArg_Parse_SizeT(PyObject *args, char *format, ...)
+{
+	int retval;
+	va_list va;
+	
+	va_start(va, format);
+	retval = vgetargs1(args, format, &va, FLAG_COMPAT|FLAG_SIZE_T);
+	va_end(va);
+	return retval;
+}
+
+
+int
+PyArg_ParseTuple(PyObject *args, const char *format, ...)
+{
+	int retval;
+	va_list va;
+	
+	va_start(va, format);
+	retval = vgetargs1(args, format, &va, 0);
+	va_end(va);
+	return retval;
+}
+
+int
+_PyArg_ParseTuple_SizeT(PyObject *args, char *format, ...)
+{
+	int retval;
+	va_list va;
+	
+	va_start(va, format);
+	retval = vgetargs1(args, format, &va, FLAG_SIZE_T);
+	va_end(va);
+	return retval;
+}
+
+
+int
+PyArg_VaParse(PyObject *args, const char *format, va_list va)
+{
+	va_list lva;
+
+#ifdef VA_LIST_IS_ARRAY
+	memcpy(lva, va, sizeof(va_list));
+#else
+#ifdef __va_copy
+	__va_copy(lva, va);
+#else
+	lva = va;
+#endif
+#endif
+
+	return vgetargs1(args, format, &lva, 0);
+}
+
+int
+_PyArg_VaParse_SizeT(PyObject *args, char *format, va_list va)
+{
+	va_list lva;
+
+#ifdef VA_LIST_IS_ARRAY
+	memcpy(lva, va, sizeof(va_list));
+#else
+#ifdef __va_copy
+	__va_copy(lva, va);
+#else
+	lva = va;
+#endif
+#endif
+
+	return vgetargs1(args, format, &lva, FLAG_SIZE_T);
+}
+
+
+/* Handle cleanup of allocated memory in case of exception */
+
+static int
+addcleanup(void *ptr, PyObject **freelist)
+{
+	PyObject *cobj;
+	if (!*freelist) {
+		*freelist = PyList_New(0);
+		if (!*freelist) {
+			PyMem_FREE(ptr);
+			return -1;
+		}
+	}
+	cobj = PyCObject_FromVoidPtr(ptr, NULL);
+	if (!cobj) {
+		PyMem_FREE(ptr);
+		return -1;
+	}
+	if(PyList_Append(*freelist, cobj)) {
+                PyMem_FREE(ptr);
+		Py_DECREF(cobj);
+		return -1;
+	}
+        Py_DECREF(cobj);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int
+cleanreturn(int retval, PyObject *freelist)
+{
+	if(freelist) {
+		if((retval) == 0) {
+			Py_ssize_t len = PyList_GET_SIZE(freelist), i;
+			for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
+                                PyMem_FREE(PyCObject_AsVoidPtr(
+                                		PyList_GET_ITEM(freelist, i)));
+		}
+		Py_DECREF(freelist);
+	}
+	return retval;
+}
+
+
+static int
+vgetargs1(PyObject *args, const char *format, va_list *p_va, int flags)
+{
+	char msgbuf[256];
+	int levels[32];
+	const char *fname = NULL;
+	const char *message = NULL;
+	int min = -1;
+	int max = 0;
+	int level = 0;
+	int endfmt = 0;
+	const char *formatsave = format;
+	Py_ssize_t i, len;
+	char *msg;
+	PyObject *freelist = NULL;
+	int compat = flags & FLAG_COMPAT;
+
+	assert(compat || (args != (PyObject*)NULL));
+	flags = flags & ~FLAG_COMPAT;
+
+	while (endfmt == 0) {
+		int c = *format++;
+		switch (c) {
+		case '(':
+			if (level == 0)
+				max++;
+			level++;
+			if (level >= 30)
+				Py_FatalError("too many tuple nesting levels "
+					      "in argument format string");
+			break;
+		case ')':
+			if (level == 0)
+				Py_FatalError("excess ')' in getargs format");
+			else
+				level--;
+			break;
+		case '\0':
+			endfmt = 1;
+			break;
+		case ':':
+			fname = format;
+			endfmt = 1;
+			break;
+		case ';':
+			message = format;
+			endfmt = 1;
+			break;
+		default:
+			if (level == 0) {
+				if (c == 'O')
+					max++;
+				else if (isalpha(Py_CHARMASK(c))) {
+					if (c != 'e') /* skip encoded */
+						max++;
+				} else if (c == '|')
+					min = max;
+			}
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	
+	if (level != 0)
+		Py_FatalError(/* '(' */ "missing ')' in getargs format");
+	
+	if (min < 0)
+		min = max;
+	
+	format = formatsave;
+	
+	if (compat) {
+		if (max == 0) {
+			if (args == NULL)
+				return 1;
+			PyOS_snprintf(msgbuf, sizeof(msgbuf),
+				      "%.200s%s takes no arguments",
+				      fname==NULL ? "function" : fname,
+				      fname==NULL ? "" : "()");
+			PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, msgbuf);
+			return 0;
+		}
+		else if (min == 1 && max == 1) {
+			if (args == NULL) {
+				PyOS_snprintf(msgbuf, sizeof(msgbuf),
+				      "%.200s%s takes at least one argument",
+					      fname==NULL ? "function" : fname,
+					      fname==NULL ? "" : "()");
+				PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, msgbuf);
+				return 0;
+			}
+			msg = convertitem(args, &format, p_va, flags, levels, 
+					  msgbuf, sizeof(msgbuf), &freelist);
+			if (msg == NULL)
+				return cleanreturn(1, freelist);
+			seterror(levels[0], msg, levels+1, fname, message);
+			return cleanreturn(0, freelist);
+		}
+		else {
+			PyErr_SetString(PyExc_SystemError,
+			    "old style getargs format uses new features");
+			return 0;
+		}
+	}
+	
+	if (!PyTuple_Check(args)) {
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_SystemError,
+		    "new style getargs format but argument is not a tuple");
+		return 0;
+	}
+	
+	len = PyTuple_GET_SIZE(args);
+	
+	if (len < min || max < len) {
+		if (message == NULL) {
+			PyOS_snprintf(msgbuf, sizeof(msgbuf),
+				      "%.150s%s takes %s %d argument%s "
+				      "(%ld given)",
+				      fname==NULL ? "function" : fname,
+				      fname==NULL ? "" : "()",
+				      min==max ? "exactly"
+				      : len < min ? "at least" : "at most",
+				      len < min ? min : max,
+				      (len < min ? min : max) == 1 ? "" : "s",
+				      Py_SAFE_DOWNCAST(len, Py_ssize_t, long));
+			message = msgbuf;
+		}
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, message);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	
+	for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+		if (*format == '|')
+			format++;
+		msg = convertitem(PyTuple_GET_ITEM(args, i), &format, p_va,
+				  flags, levels, msgbuf, 
+				  sizeof(msgbuf), &freelist);
+		if (msg) {
+			seterror(i+1, msg, levels, fname, message);
+			return cleanreturn(0, freelist);
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (*format != '\0' && !isalpha(Py_CHARMASK(*format)) &&
+	    *format != '(' &&
+	    *format != '|' && *format != ':' && *format != ';') {
+		PyErr_Format(PyExc_SystemError,
+			     "bad format string: %.200s", formatsave);
+		return cleanreturn(0, freelist);
+	}
+	
+	return cleanreturn(1, freelist);
+}
+
+
+
+static void
+seterror(int iarg, const char *msg, int *levels, const char *fname,
+         const char *message)
+{
+	char buf[512];
+	int i;
+	char *p = buf;
+
+	if (PyErr_Occurred())
+		return;
+	else if (message == NULL) {
+		if (fname != NULL) {
+			PyOS_snprintf(p, sizeof(buf), "%.200s() ", fname);
+			p += strlen(p);
+		}
+		if (iarg != 0) {
+			PyOS_snprintf(p, sizeof(buf) - (p - buf),
+				      "argument %d", iarg);
+			i = 0;
+			p += strlen(p);
+			while (levels[i] > 0 && i < 32 && (int)(p-buf) < 220) {
+				PyOS_snprintf(p, sizeof(buf) - (p - buf),
+					      ", item %d", levels[i]-1);
+				p += strlen(p);
+				i++;
+			}
+		}
+		else {
+			PyOS_snprintf(p, sizeof(buf) - (p - buf), "argument");
+			p += strlen(p);
+		}
+		PyOS_snprintf(p, sizeof(buf) - (p - buf), " %.256s", msg);
+		message = buf;
+	}
+	PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, message);
+}
+
+
+/* Convert a tuple argument.
+   On entry, *p_format points to the character _after_ the opening '('.
+   On successful exit, *p_format points to the closing ')'.
+   If successful:
+      *p_format and *p_va are updated,
+      *levels and *msgbuf are untouched,
+      and NULL is returned.
+   If the argument is invalid:
+      *p_format is unchanged,
+      *p_va is undefined,
+      *levels is a 0-terminated list of item numbers,
+      *msgbuf contains an error message, whose format is:
+         "must be <typename1>, not <typename2>", where:
+            <typename1> is the name of the expected type, and
+            <typename2> is the name of the actual type,
+      and msgbuf is returned.
+*/
+
+static char *
+converttuple(PyObject *arg, const char **p_format, va_list *p_va, int flags,
+             int *levels, char *msgbuf, size_t bufsize, int toplevel, 
+             PyObject **freelist)
+{
+	int level = 0;
+	int n = 0;
+	const char *format = *p_format;
+	int i;
+	
+	for (;;) {
+		int c = *format++;
+		if (c == '(') {
+			if (level == 0)
+				n++;
+			level++;
+		}
+		else if (c == ')') {
+			if (level == 0)
+				break;
+			level--;
+		}
+		else if (c == ':' || c == ';' || c == '\0')
+			break;
+		else if (level == 0 && isalpha(Py_CHARMASK(c)))
+			n++;
+	}
+	
+	if (!PySequence_Check(arg) || PyString_Check(arg)) {
+		levels[0] = 0;
+		PyOS_snprintf(msgbuf, bufsize,
+			      toplevel ? "expected %d arguments, not %.50s" :
+			              "must be %d-item sequence, not %.50s",
+			      n, 
+			      arg == Py_None ? "None" : arg->ob_type->tp_name);
+		return msgbuf;
+	}
+	
+	if ((i = PySequence_Size(arg)) != n) {
+		levels[0] = 0;
+		PyOS_snprintf(msgbuf, bufsize,
+			      toplevel ? "expected %d arguments, not %d" :
+			             "must be sequence of length %d, not %d",
+			      n, i);
+		return msgbuf;
+	}
+
+	format = *p_format;
+	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+		char *msg;
+		PyObject *item;
+		item = PySequence_GetItem(arg, i);
+		if (item == NULL) {
+			PyErr_Clear();
+			levels[0] = i+1;
+			levels[1] = 0;
+			strncpy(msgbuf, "is not retrievable", bufsize);
+			return msgbuf;
+		}
+		msg = convertitem(item, &format, p_va, flags, levels+1, 
+				  msgbuf, bufsize, freelist);
+		/* PySequence_GetItem calls tp->sq_item, which INCREFs */
+		Py_XDECREF(item);
+		if (msg != NULL) {
+			levels[0] = i+1;
+			return msg;
+		}
+	}
+
+	*p_format = format;
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+
+/* Convert a single item. */
+
+static char *
+convertitem(PyObject *arg, const char **p_format, va_list *p_va, int flags,
+            int *levels, char *msgbuf, size_t bufsize, PyObject **freelist)
+{
+	char *msg;
+	const char *format = *p_format;
+	
+	if (*format == '(' /* ')' */) {
+		format++;
+		msg = converttuple(arg, &format, p_va, flags, levels, msgbuf, 
+				   bufsize, 0, freelist);
+		if (msg == NULL)
+			format++;
+	}
+	else {
+		msg = convertsimple(arg, &format, p_va, flags, 
+				    msgbuf, bufsize, freelist);
+		if (msg != NULL)
+			levels[0] = 0;
+	}
+	if (msg == NULL)
+		*p_format = format;
+	return msg;
+}
+
+
+
+#define UNICODE_DEFAULT_ENCODING(arg) \
+        _PyUnicode_AsDefaultEncodedString(arg, NULL)
+
+/* Format an error message generated by convertsimple(). */
+
+static char *
+converterr(const char *expected, PyObject *arg, char *msgbuf, size_t bufsize)
+{
+	assert(expected != NULL);
+	assert(arg != NULL); 
+	PyOS_snprintf(msgbuf, bufsize,
+		      "must be %.50s, not %.50s", expected,
+		      arg == Py_None ? "None" : arg->ob_type->tp_name);
+	return msgbuf;
+}
+
+#define CONV_UNICODE "(unicode conversion error)"
+
+/* explicitly check for float arguments when integers are expected.  For now
+ * signal a warning.  Returns true if an exception was raised. */
+static int
+float_argument_error(PyObject *arg)
+{
+	if (PyFloat_Check(arg) &&
+	    PyErr_Warn(PyExc_DeprecationWarning,
+		       "integer argument expected, got float" ))
+		return 1;
+	else
+		return 0;
+}
+
+/* Convert a non-tuple argument.  Return NULL if conversion went OK,
+   or a string with a message describing the failure.  The message is
+   formatted as "must be <desired type>, not <actual type>".
+   When failing, an exception may or may not have been raised.
+   Don't call if a tuple is expected.
+
+   When you add new format codes, please don't forget poor skipitem() below.
+*/
+
+static char *
+convertsimple(PyObject *arg, const char **p_format, va_list *p_va, int flags,
+              char *msgbuf, size_t bufsize, PyObject **freelist)
+{
+	/* For # codes */
+#define FETCH_SIZE	int *q=NULL;Py_ssize_t *q2=NULL;\
+	if (flags & FLAG_SIZE_T) q2=va_arg(*p_va, Py_ssize_t*); \
+	else q=va_arg(*p_va, int*);
+#define STORE_SIZE(s)   if (flags & FLAG_SIZE_T) *q2=s; else *q=s;
+#define BUFFER_LEN      ((flags & FLAG_SIZE_T) ? *q2:*q)
+
+	const char *format = *p_format;
+	char c = *format++;
+#ifdef Py_USING_UNICODE
+	PyObject *uarg;
+#endif
+	
+	switch (c) {
+	
+	case 'b': { /* unsigned byte -- very short int */
+		char *p = va_arg(*p_va, char *);
+		long ival;
+		if (float_argument_error(arg))
+			return converterr("integer<b>", arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+		ival = PyInt_AsLong(arg);
+		if (ival == -1 && PyErr_Occurred())
+			return converterr("integer<b>", arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+		else if (ival < 0) {
+			PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
+			"unsigned byte integer is less than minimum");
+			return converterr("integer<b>", arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+		}
+		else if (ival > UCHAR_MAX) {
+			PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
+			"unsigned byte integer is greater than maximum");
+			return converterr("integer<b>", arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+		}
+		else
+			*p = (unsigned char) ival;
+		break;
+	}
+	
+	case 'B': {/* byte sized bitfield - both signed and unsigned
+		      values allowed */  
+		char *p = va_arg(*p_va, char *);
+		long ival;
+		if (float_argument_error(arg))
+			return converterr("integer<B>", arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+		ival = PyInt_AsUnsignedLongMask(arg);
+		if (ival == -1 && PyErr_Occurred())
+			return converterr("integer<B>", arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+		else
+			*p = (unsigned char) ival;
+		break;
+	}
+	
+	case 'h': {/* signed short int */
+		short *p = va_arg(*p_va, short *);
+		long ival;
+		if (float_argument_error(arg))
+			return converterr("integer<h>", arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+		ival = PyInt_AsLong(arg);
+		if (ival == -1 && PyErr_Occurred())
+			return converterr("integer<h>", arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+		else if (ival < SHRT_MIN) {
+			PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
+			"signed short integer is less than minimum");
+			return converterr("integer<h>", arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+		}
+		else if (ival > SHRT_MAX) {
+			PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
+			"signed short integer is greater than maximum");
+			return converterr("integer<h>", arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+		}
+		else
+			*p = (short) ival;
+		break;
+	}
+	
+	case 'H': { /* short int sized bitfield, both signed and
+		       unsigned allowed */ 
+		unsigned short *p = va_arg(*p_va, unsigned short *);
+		long ival;
+		if (float_argument_error(arg))
+			return converterr("integer<H>", arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+		ival = PyInt_AsUnsignedLongMask(arg);
+		if (ival == -1 && PyErr_Occurred())
+			return converterr("integer<H>", arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+		else
+			*p = (unsigned short) ival;
+		break;
+	}
+
+	case 'i': {/* signed int */
+		int *p = va_arg(*p_va, int *);
+		long ival;
+		if (float_argument_error(arg))
+			return converterr("integer<i>", arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+		ival = PyInt_AsLong(arg);
+		if (ival == -1 && PyErr_Occurred())
+			return converterr("integer<i>", arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+		else if (ival > INT_MAX) {
+			PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
+				"signed integer is greater than maximum");
+			return converterr("integer<i>", arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+		}
+		else if (ival < INT_MIN) {
+			PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
+				"signed integer is less than minimum");
+			return converterr("integer<i>", arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+		}
+		else
+			*p = ival;
+		break;
+	}
+
+	case 'I': { /* int sized bitfield, both signed and
+		       unsigned allowed */ 
+		unsigned int *p = va_arg(*p_va, unsigned int *);
+		unsigned int ival;
+		if (float_argument_error(arg))
+			return converterr("integer<I>", arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+		ival = (unsigned int)PyInt_AsUnsignedLongMask(arg);
+		if (ival == (unsigned int)-1 && PyErr_Occurred())
+			return converterr("integer<I>", arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+		else
+			*p = ival;
+		break;
+	}
+	
+	case 'n': /* Py_ssize_t */
+#if SIZEOF_SIZE_T != SIZEOF_LONG
+	{
+		Py_ssize_t *p = va_arg(*p_va, Py_ssize_t *);
+		Py_ssize_t ival;
+		if (float_argument_error(arg))
+			return converterr("integer<n>", arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+		ival = PyInt_AsSsize_t(arg);
+		if (ival == -1 && PyErr_Occurred())
+			return converterr("integer<n>", arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+		*p = ival;
+		break;
+	}
+#endif
+	/* Fall through from 'n' to 'l' if Py_ssize_t is int */
+	case 'l': {/* long int */
+		long *p = va_arg(*p_va, long *);
+		long ival;
+		if (float_argument_error(arg))
+			return converterr("integer<l>", arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+		ival = PyInt_AsLong(arg);
+		if (ival == -1 && PyErr_Occurred())
+			return converterr("integer<l>", arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+		else
+			*p = ival;
+		break;
+	}
+
+	case 'k': { /* long sized bitfield */
+		unsigned long *p = va_arg(*p_va, unsigned long *);
+		unsigned long ival;
+		if (PyInt_Check(arg))
+			ival = PyInt_AsUnsignedLongMask(arg);
+		else if (PyLong_Check(arg))
+			ival = PyLong_AsUnsignedLongMask(arg);
+		else
+			return converterr("integer<k>", arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+		*p = ival;
+		break;
+	}
+	
+#ifdef HAVE_LONG_LONG
+	case 'L': {/* PY_LONG_LONG */
+		PY_LONG_LONG *p = va_arg( *p_va, PY_LONG_LONG * );
+		PY_LONG_LONG ival = PyLong_AsLongLong( arg );
+		if( ival == (PY_LONG_LONG)-1 && PyErr_Occurred() ) {
+			return converterr("long<L>", arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+		} else {
+			*p = ival;
+		}
+		break;
+	}
+
+	case 'K': { /* long long sized bitfield */
+		unsigned PY_LONG_LONG *p = va_arg(*p_va, unsigned PY_LONG_LONG *);
+		unsigned PY_LONG_LONG ival;
+		if (PyInt_Check(arg))
+			ival = PyInt_AsUnsignedLongMask(arg);
+		else if (PyLong_Check(arg))
+			ival = PyLong_AsUnsignedLongLongMask(arg);
+		else
+			return converterr("integer<K>", arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+		*p = ival;
+		break;
+	}
+#endif
+	
+	case 'f': {/* float */
+		float *p = va_arg(*p_va, float *);
+		double dval = PyFloat_AsDouble(arg);
+		if (PyErr_Occurred())
+			return converterr("float<f>", arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+		else
+			*p = (float) dval;
+		break;
+	}
+	
+	case 'd': {/* double */
+		double *p = va_arg(*p_va, double *);
+		double dval = PyFloat_AsDouble(arg);
+		if (PyErr_Occurred())
+			return converterr("float<d>", arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+		else
+			*p = dval;
+		break;
+	}
+	
+#ifndef WITHOUT_COMPLEX
+	case 'D': {/* complex double */
+		Py_complex *p = va_arg(*p_va, Py_complex *);
+		Py_complex cval;
+		cval = PyComplex_AsCComplex(arg);
+		if (PyErr_Occurred())
+			return converterr("complex<D>", arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+		else
+			*p = cval;
+		break;
+	}
+#endif /* WITHOUT_COMPLEX */
+	
+	case 'c': {/* char */
+		char *p = va_arg(*p_va, char *);
+		if (PyString_Check(arg) && PyString_Size(arg) == 1)
+			*p = PyString_AS_STRING(arg)[0];
+		else
+			return converterr("char", arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+		break;
+	}
+	
+	case 's': {/* string */
+		if (*format == '#') {
+			void **p = (void **)va_arg(*p_va, char **);
+			FETCH_SIZE;
+			
+			if (PyString_Check(arg)) {
+				*p = PyString_AS_STRING(arg);
+				STORE_SIZE(PyString_GET_SIZE(arg));
+			}
+#ifdef Py_USING_UNICODE
+			else if (PyUnicode_Check(arg)) {
+				uarg = UNICODE_DEFAULT_ENCODING(arg);
+				if (uarg == NULL)
+					return converterr(CONV_UNICODE,
+							  arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+				*p = PyString_AS_STRING(uarg);
+				STORE_SIZE(PyString_GET_SIZE(uarg));
+			}
+#endif
+			else { /* any buffer-like object */
+				char *buf;
+				Py_ssize_t count = convertbuffer(arg, p, &buf);
+				if (count < 0)
+					return converterr(buf, arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+				STORE_SIZE(count);
+			}
+			format++;
+		} else {
+			char **p = va_arg(*p_va, char **);
+			
+			if (PyString_Check(arg))
+				*p = PyString_AS_STRING(arg);
+#ifdef Py_USING_UNICODE
+			else if (PyUnicode_Check(arg)) {
+				uarg = UNICODE_DEFAULT_ENCODING(arg);
+				if (uarg == NULL)
+					return converterr(CONV_UNICODE,
+							  arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+				*p = PyString_AS_STRING(uarg);
+			}
+#endif
+			else
+				return converterr("string", arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+			if ((Py_ssize_t)strlen(*p) != PyString_Size(arg))
+				return converterr("string without null bytes",
+						  arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+		}
+		break;
+	}
+
+	case 'z': {/* string, may be NULL (None) */
+		if (*format == '#') { /* any buffer-like object */
+			void **p = (void **)va_arg(*p_va, char **);
+			FETCH_SIZE;
+			
+			if (arg == Py_None) {
+				*p = 0;
+				STORE_SIZE(0);
+			}
+			else if (PyString_Check(arg)) {
+				*p = PyString_AS_STRING(arg);
+				STORE_SIZE(PyString_GET_SIZE(arg));
+			}
+#ifdef Py_USING_UNICODE
+			else if (PyUnicode_Check(arg)) {
+				uarg = UNICODE_DEFAULT_ENCODING(arg);
+				if (uarg == NULL)
+					return converterr(CONV_UNICODE,
+							  arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+				*p = PyString_AS_STRING(uarg);
+				STORE_SIZE(PyString_GET_SIZE(uarg));
+			}
+#endif
+			else { /* any buffer-like object */
+				char *buf;
+				Py_ssize_t count = convertbuffer(arg, p, &buf);
+				if (count < 0)
+					return converterr(buf, arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+				STORE_SIZE(count);
+			}
+			format++;
+		} else {
+			char **p = va_arg(*p_va, char **);
+			
+			if (arg == Py_None)
+				*p = 0;
+			else if (PyString_Check(arg))
+				*p = PyString_AS_STRING(arg);
+#ifdef Py_USING_UNICODE
+			else if (PyUnicode_Check(arg)) {
+				uarg = UNICODE_DEFAULT_ENCODING(arg);
+				if (uarg == NULL)
+					return converterr(CONV_UNICODE,
+							  arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+				*p = PyString_AS_STRING(uarg);
+			}
+#endif
+			else
+				return converterr("string or None", 
+						  arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+			if (*format == '#') {
+				FETCH_SIZE;
+				assert(0); /* XXX redundant with if-case */
+				if (arg == Py_None)
+					*q = 0;
+				else
+					*q = PyString_Size(arg);
+				format++;
+			}
+			else if (*p != NULL &&
+				 (Py_ssize_t)strlen(*p) != PyString_Size(arg))
+				return converterr(
+					"string without null bytes or None", 
+					arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+		}
+		break;
+	}
+	
+	case 'e': {/* encoded string */
+		char **buffer;
+		const char *encoding;
+		PyObject *s;
+		int size, recode_strings;
+
+		/* Get 'e' parameter: the encoding name */
+		encoding = (const char *)va_arg(*p_va, const char *);
+#ifdef Py_USING_UNICODE
+		if (encoding == NULL)
+			encoding = PyUnicode_GetDefaultEncoding();
+#endif
+			
+		/* Get output buffer parameter:
+		   's' (recode all objects via Unicode) or
+		   't' (only recode non-string objects) 
+		*/
+		if (*format == 's')
+			recode_strings = 1;
+		else if (*format == 't')
+			recode_strings = 0;
+		else
+			return converterr(
+				"(unknown parser marker combination)",
+				arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+		buffer = (char **)va_arg(*p_va, char **);
+		format++;
+		if (buffer == NULL)
+			return converterr("(buffer is NULL)", 
+					  arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+			
+		/* Encode object */
+		if (!recode_strings && PyString_Check(arg)) {
+			s = arg;
+			Py_INCREF(s);
+		}
+		else {
+#ifdef Py_USING_UNICODE
+		    	PyObject *u;
+
+			/* Convert object to Unicode */
+			u = PyUnicode_FromObject(arg);
+			if (u == NULL)
+				return converterr(
+					"string or unicode or text buffer", 
+					arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+			
+			/* Encode object; use default error handling */
+			s = PyUnicode_AsEncodedString(u,
+						      encoding,
+						      NULL);
+			Py_DECREF(u);
+			if (s == NULL)
+				return converterr("(encoding failed)",
+						  arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+			if (!PyString_Check(s)) {
+				Py_DECREF(s);
+				return converterr(
+					"(encoder failed to return a string)",
+					arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+			}
+#else
+			return converterr("string<e>", arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+#endif
+		}
+		size = PyString_GET_SIZE(s);
+
+		/* Write output; output is guaranteed to be 0-terminated */
+		if (*format == '#') { 
+			/* Using buffer length parameter '#':
+				   
+			   - if *buffer is NULL, a new buffer of the
+			   needed size is allocated and the data
+			   copied into it; *buffer is updated to point
+			   to the new buffer; the caller is
+			   responsible for PyMem_Free()ing it after
+			   usage 
+
+			   - if *buffer is not NULL, the data is
+			   copied to *buffer; *buffer_len has to be
+			   set to the size of the buffer on input;
+			   buffer overflow is signalled with an error;
+			   buffer has to provide enough room for the
+			   encoded string plus the trailing 0-byte
+			   
+			   - in both cases, *buffer_len is updated to
+			   the size of the buffer /excluding/ the
+			   trailing 0-byte 
+			   
+			*/
+			FETCH_SIZE;
+
+			format++;
+			if (q == NULL && q2 == NULL) {
+				Py_DECREF(s);
+				return converterr(
+					"(buffer_len is NULL)",
+					arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+			}
+			if (*buffer == NULL) {
+				*buffer = PyMem_NEW(char, size + 1);
+				if (*buffer == NULL) {
+					Py_DECREF(s);
+					return converterr(
+						"(memory error)",
+						arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+				}
+				if(addcleanup(*buffer, freelist)) {
+					Py_DECREF(s);
+					return converterr(
+						"(cleanup problem)",
+						arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+				}
+			} else {
+				if (size + 1 > BUFFER_LEN) {
+					Py_DECREF(s);
+					return converterr(
+						"(buffer overflow)", 
+						arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+				}
+			}
+			memcpy(*buffer,
+			       PyString_AS_STRING(s),
+			       size + 1);
+			STORE_SIZE(size);
+		} else {
+			/* Using a 0-terminated buffer:
+				   
+			   - the encoded string has to be 0-terminated
+			   for this variant to work; if it is not, an
+			   error raised 
+
+			   - a new buffer of the needed size is
+			   allocated and the data copied into it;
+			   *buffer is updated to point to the new
+			   buffer; the caller is responsible for
+			   PyMem_Free()ing it after usage
+
+			*/
+			if ((Py_ssize_t)strlen(PyString_AS_STRING(s))
+								!= size) {
+				Py_DECREF(s);
+				return converterr(
+					"(encoded string without NULL bytes)",
+					arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+			}
+			*buffer = PyMem_NEW(char, size + 1);
+			if (*buffer == NULL) {
+				Py_DECREF(s);
+				return converterr("(memory error)",
+						  arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+			}
+			if(addcleanup(*buffer, freelist)) {
+				Py_DECREF(s);
+				return converterr("(cleanup problem)",
+						arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+			}
+			memcpy(*buffer,
+			       PyString_AS_STRING(s),
+			       size + 1);
+		}
+		Py_DECREF(s);
+		break;
+	}
+
+#ifdef Py_USING_UNICODE
+	case 'u': {/* raw unicode buffer (Py_UNICODE *) */
+		if (*format == '#') { /* any buffer-like object */
+			void **p = (void **)va_arg(*p_va, char **);
+			FETCH_SIZE;
+			if (PyUnicode_Check(arg)) {
+			    	*p = PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(arg);
+				STORE_SIZE(PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(arg));
+			}
+			else {
+				return converterr("cannot convert raw buffers",
+						  arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+			}
+			format++;
+		} else {
+			Py_UNICODE **p = va_arg(*p_va, Py_UNICODE **);
+			if (PyUnicode_Check(arg))
+				*p = PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(arg);
+			else
+				return converterr("unicode", arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+		}
+		break;
+	}
+#endif
+
+	case 'S': { /* string object */
+		PyObject **p = va_arg(*p_va, PyObject **);
+		if (PyString_Check(arg))
+			*p = arg;
+		else
+			return converterr("string", arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+		break;
+	}
+	
+#ifdef Py_USING_UNICODE
+	case 'U': { /* Unicode object */
+		PyObject **p = va_arg(*p_va, PyObject **);
+		if (PyUnicode_Check(arg))
+			*p = arg;
+		else
+			return converterr("unicode", arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+		break;
+	}
+#endif
+	
+	case 'O': { /* object */
+		PyTypeObject *type;
+		PyObject **p;
+		if (*format == '!') {
+			type = va_arg(*p_va, PyTypeObject*);
+			p = va_arg(*p_va, PyObject **);
+			format++;
+			if (PyType_IsSubtype(arg->ob_type, type))
+				*p = arg;
+			else
+				return converterr(type->tp_name, arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+
+		}
+		else if (*format == '?') {
+			inquiry pred = va_arg(*p_va, inquiry);
+			p = va_arg(*p_va, PyObject **);
+			format++;
+			if ((*pred)(arg)) 
+				*p = arg;
+			else
+				return converterr("(unspecified)", 
+						  arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+				
+		}
+		else if (*format == '&') {
+			typedef int (*converter)(PyObject *, void *);
+			converter convert = va_arg(*p_va, converter);
+			void *addr = va_arg(*p_va, void *);
+			format++;
+			if (! (*convert)(arg, addr))
+				return converterr("(unspecified)", 
+						  arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+		}
+		else {
+			p = va_arg(*p_va, PyObject **);
+			*p = arg;
+		}
+		break;
+	}
+		
+		
+	case 'w': { /* memory buffer, read-write access */
+		void **p = va_arg(*p_va, void **);
+		PyBufferProcs *pb = arg->ob_type->tp_as_buffer;
+		int count;
+			
+		if (pb == NULL || 
+		    pb->bf_getwritebuffer == NULL ||
+		    pb->bf_getsegcount == NULL)
+			return converterr("read-write buffer", arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+		if ((*pb->bf_getsegcount)(arg, NULL) != 1)
+			return converterr("single-segment read-write buffer", 
+					  arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+		if ((count = pb->bf_getwritebuffer(arg, 0, p)) < 0)
+			return converterr("(unspecified)", arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+		if (*format == '#') {
+			FETCH_SIZE;
+			STORE_SIZE(count);
+			format++;
+		}
+		break;
+	}
+		
+	case 't': { /* 8-bit character buffer, read-only access */
+		char **p = va_arg(*p_va, char **);
+		PyBufferProcs *pb = arg->ob_type->tp_as_buffer;
+		int count;
+		
+		if (*format++ != '#')
+			return converterr(
+				"invalid use of 't' format character", 
+				arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+		if (!PyType_HasFeature(arg->ob_type,
+				       Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_GETCHARBUFFER) ||
+		    pb == NULL || pb->bf_getcharbuffer == NULL ||
+		    pb->bf_getsegcount == NULL)
+			return converterr(
+				"string or read-only character buffer",
+				arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+
+		if (pb->bf_getsegcount(arg, NULL) != 1)
+			return converterr(
+				"string or single-segment read-only buffer",
+				arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+
+		count = pb->bf_getcharbuffer(arg, 0, p);
+		if (count < 0)
+			return converterr("(unspecified)", arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+		{
+			FETCH_SIZE;
+			STORE_SIZE(count);
+		}
+		break;
+	}
+
+	default:
+		return converterr("impossible<bad format char>", arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+	
+	}
+	
+	*p_format = format;
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static Py_ssize_t
+convertbuffer(PyObject *arg, void **p, char **errmsg)
+{
+	PyBufferProcs *pb = arg->ob_type->tp_as_buffer;
+	Py_ssize_t count;
+	if (pb == NULL ||
+	    pb->bf_getreadbuffer == NULL ||
+	    pb->bf_getsegcount == NULL) {
+		*errmsg = "string or read-only buffer";
+		return -1;
+	}
+	if ((*pb->bf_getsegcount)(arg, NULL) != 1) {
+		*errmsg = "string or single-segment read-only buffer";
+		return -1;
+	}
+	if ((count = (*pb->bf_getreadbuffer)(arg, 0, p)) < 0) {
+		*errmsg = "(unspecified)";
+	}
+	return count;
+}
+
+/* Support for keyword arguments donated by
+   Geoff Philbrick <philbric@delphi.hks.com> */
+
+/* Return false (0) for error, else true. */
+int
+PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(PyObject *args,
+			    PyObject *keywords,
+			    const char *format, 
+			    char **kwlist, ...)
+{
+	int retval;
+	va_list va;
+
+	if ((args == NULL || !PyTuple_Check(args)) ||
+	    (keywords != NULL && !PyDict_Check(keywords)) ||
+	    format == NULL ||
+	    kwlist == NULL)
+	{
+		PyErr_BadInternalCall();
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	va_start(va, kwlist);
+	retval = vgetargskeywords(args, keywords, format, kwlist, &va, 0);	
+	va_end(va);
+	return retval;
+}
+
+int
+_PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords_SizeT(PyObject *args,
+				  PyObject *keywords,
+				  const char *format, 
+				  char **kwlist, ...)
+{
+	int retval;
+	va_list va;
+
+	if ((args == NULL || !PyTuple_Check(args)) ||
+	    (keywords != NULL && !PyDict_Check(keywords)) ||
+	    format == NULL ||
+	    kwlist == NULL)
+	{
+		PyErr_BadInternalCall();
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	va_start(va, kwlist);
+	retval = vgetargskeywords(args, keywords, format, 
+				  kwlist, &va, FLAG_SIZE_T);
+	va_end(va);
+	return retval;
+}
+
+
+int
+PyArg_VaParseTupleAndKeywords(PyObject *args,
+                              PyObject *keywords,
+                              const char *format, 
+                              char **kwlist, va_list va)
+{
+	int retval;
+	va_list lva;
+
+	if ((args == NULL || !PyTuple_Check(args)) ||
+	    (keywords != NULL && !PyDict_Check(keywords)) ||
+	    format == NULL ||
+	    kwlist == NULL)
+	{
+		PyErr_BadInternalCall();
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+#ifdef VA_LIST_IS_ARRAY
+	memcpy(lva, va, sizeof(va_list));
+#else
+#ifdef __va_copy
+	__va_copy(lva, va);
+#else
+	lva = va;
+#endif
+#endif
+
+	retval = vgetargskeywords(args, keywords, format, kwlist, &lva, 0);	
+	return retval;
+}
+
+int
+_PyArg_VaParseTupleAndKeywords_SizeT(PyObject *args,
+				    PyObject *keywords,
+				    const char *format, 
+				    char **kwlist, va_list va)
+{
+	int retval;
+	va_list lva;
+
+	if ((args == NULL || !PyTuple_Check(args)) ||
+	    (keywords != NULL && !PyDict_Check(keywords)) ||
+	    format == NULL ||
+	    kwlist == NULL)
+	{
+		PyErr_BadInternalCall();
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+#ifdef VA_LIST_IS_ARRAY
+	memcpy(lva, va, sizeof(va_list));
+#else
+#ifdef __va_copy
+	__va_copy(lva, va);
+#else
+	lva = va;
+#endif
+#endif
+
+	retval = vgetargskeywords(args, keywords, format, 
+				  kwlist, &lva, FLAG_SIZE_T);
+	return retval;
+}
+
+
+static int
+vgetargskeywords(PyObject *args, PyObject *keywords, const char *format,
+	         char **kwlist, va_list *p_va, int flags)
+{
+	char msgbuf[512];
+	int levels[32];
+	const char *fname, *message;
+	int min, max;
+	const char *formatsave;
+	int i, len, nargs, nkeywords;
+	const char *msg;
+	char **p;
+	PyObject *freelist = NULL;
+
+	assert(args != NULL && PyTuple_Check(args));
+	assert(keywords == NULL || PyDict_Check(keywords));
+	assert(format != NULL);
+	assert(kwlist != NULL);
+	assert(p_va != NULL);
+
+	/* Search the format:
+	   message <- error msg, if any (else NULL).
+	   fname <- routine name, if any (else NULL).
+	   min <- # of required arguments, or -1 if all are required.
+	   max <- most arguments (required + optional).
+	   Check that kwlist has a non-NULL entry for each arg.
+	   Raise error if a tuple arg spec is found.
+	*/
+	fname = message = NULL;
+	formatsave = format;
+	p = kwlist;
+	min = -1;
+	max = 0;
+	while ((i = *format++) != '\0') {
+		if (isalpha(Py_CHARMASK(i)) && i != 'e') {
+			max++;
+			if (*p == NULL) {
+				PyErr_SetString(PyExc_RuntimeError,
+					"more argument specifiers than "
+					"keyword list entries");
+				return 0;
+			}
+			p++;
+		}
+		else if (i == '|')
+			min = max;
+		else if (i == ':') {
+			fname = format;
+			break;
+		}
+		else if (i == ';') {
+			message = format;
+			break;
+		}
+		else if (i == '(') {
+			PyErr_SetString(PyExc_RuntimeError,
+				"tuple found in format when using keyword "
+				"arguments");
+			return 0;
+		}
+	}
+	format = formatsave;
+	if (*p != NULL) {
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_RuntimeError,
+			"more keyword list entries than "
+			"argument specifiers");
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (min < 0) {
+		/* All arguments are required. */
+		min = max;
+	}
+
+	nargs = PyTuple_GET_SIZE(args);
+	nkeywords = keywords == NULL ? 0 : PyDict_Size(keywords);
+
+	/* make sure there are no duplicate values for an argument;
+	   its not clear when to use the term "keyword argument vs. 
+	   keyword parameter in messages */
+	if (nkeywords > 0) {
+		for (i = 0; i < nargs; i++) {
+			const char *thiskw = kwlist[i];
+			if (thiskw == NULL)
+				break;
+			if (PyDict_GetItemString(keywords, thiskw)) {
+				PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
+					"keyword parameter '%s' was given "
+					"by position and by name",
+					thiskw);
+				return 0;
+			}
+			else if (PyErr_Occurred())
+				return 0;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* required arguments missing from args can be supplied by keyword 
+	   arguments; set len to the number of positional arguments, and,
+	   if that's less than the minimum required, add in the number of
+	   required arguments that are supplied by keywords */
+	len = nargs;
+	if (nkeywords > 0 && nargs < min) {
+		for (i = nargs; i < min; i++) {
+			if (PyDict_GetItemString(keywords, kwlist[i]))
+				len++;
+			else if (PyErr_Occurred())
+				return 0;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* make sure we got an acceptable number of arguments; the message
+	   is a little confusing with keywords since keyword arguments
+	   which are supplied, but don't match the required arguments
+	   are not included in the "%d given" part of the message 
+	   XXX and this isn't a bug!? */
+	if (len < min || max < len) {
+		if (message == NULL) {
+			PyOS_snprintf(msgbuf, sizeof(msgbuf),
+				      "%.200s%s takes %s %d argument%s "
+				      "(%d given)",
+				      fname==NULL ? "function" : fname,
+				      fname==NULL ? "" : "()",
+				      min==max ? "exactly"
+			              : len < min ? "at least" : "at most",
+				      len < min ? min : max,
+				      (len < min ? min : max) == 1 ? "" : "s",
+				      len);
+			message = msgbuf;
+		}
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, message);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	/* convert the positional arguments */
+	for (i = 0; i < nargs; i++) {
+		if (*format == '|')
+			format++;
+		msg = convertitem(PyTuple_GET_ITEM(args, i), &format, p_va,
+				  flags, levels, msgbuf, sizeof(msgbuf), 
+				  &freelist);
+		if (msg) {
+			seterror(i+1, msg, levels, fname, message);
+			return cleanreturn(0, freelist);
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* handle no keyword parameters in call */	
+	if (nkeywords == 0)
+		return cleanreturn(1, freelist);
+
+	/* convert the keyword arguments; this uses the format 
+	   string where it was left after processing args */
+	for (i = nargs; i < max; i++) {
+		PyObject *item;
+		if (*format == '|')
+			format++;
+		item = PyDict_GetItemString(keywords, kwlist[i]);
+		if (item != NULL) {
+			Py_INCREF(item);
+			msg = convertitem(item, &format, p_va, flags, levels, 
+					  msgbuf, sizeof(msgbuf), &freelist);
+			Py_DECREF(item);
+			if (msg) {
+				seterror(i+1, msg, levels, fname, message);
+				return cleanreturn(0, freelist);
+			}
+			--nkeywords;
+			if (nkeywords == 0)
+				break;
+		}
+		else if (PyErr_Occurred())
+			return cleanreturn(0, freelist);
+		else {
+			msg = skipitem(&format, p_va, flags);
+			if (msg) {
+				levels[0] = 0;
+				seterror(i+1, msg, levels, fname, message);
+				return cleanreturn(0, freelist);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* make sure there are no extraneous keyword arguments */
+	if (nkeywords > 0) {
+		PyObject *key, *value;
+		Py_ssize_t pos = 0;
+		while (PyDict_Next(keywords, &pos, &key, &value)) {
+			int match = 0;
+			char *ks;
+			if (!PyString_Check(key)) {
+				PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, 
+					        "keywords must be strings");
+				return cleanreturn(0, freelist);
+			}
+			ks = PyString_AsString(key);
+			for (i = 0; i < max; i++) {
+				if (!strcmp(ks, kwlist[i])) {
+					match = 1;
+					break;
+				}
+			}
+			if (!match) {
+				PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
+					     "'%s' is an invalid keyword "
+					     "argument for this function",
+					     ks);
+				return cleanreturn(0, freelist);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return cleanreturn(1, freelist);
+}
+
+
+static char *
+skipitem(const char **p_format, va_list *p_va, int flags)
+{
+        const char *format = *p_format;
+	char c = *format++;
+	
+	switch (c) {
+
+	/* simple codes
+	 * The individual types (second arg of va_arg) are irrelevant */
+
+	case 'b': /* byte -- very short int */
+	case 'B': /* byte as bitfield */
+	case 'h': /* short int */
+	case 'H': /* short int as bitfield */
+	case 'i': /* int */
+	case 'I': /* int sized bitfield */
+	case 'l': /* long int */
+	case 'k': /* long int sized bitfield */
+#ifdef HAVE_LONG_LONG
+	case 'L': /* PY_LONG_LONG */
+	case 'K': /* PY_LONG_LONG sized bitfield */
+#endif
+	case 'f': /* float */
+	case 'd': /* double */
+#ifndef WITHOUT_COMPLEX
+	case 'D': /* complex double */
+#endif
+	case 'c': /* char */
+		{
+			(void) va_arg(*p_va, void *);
+			break;
+		}
+
+	case 'n': /* Py_ssize_t */
+		{
+			(void) va_arg(*p_va, Py_ssize_t *);
+			break;
+		}
+	
+	/* string codes */
+		
+	case 'e': /* string with encoding */
+		{
+			(void) va_arg(*p_va, const char *);
+			if (!(*format == 's' || *format == 't'))
+				/* after 'e', only 's' and 't' is allowed */
+				goto err;
+			format++;
+			/* explicit fallthrough to string cases */
+		}
+	
+	case 's': /* string */
+	case 'z': /* string or None */
+#ifdef Py_USING_UNICODE
+	case 'u': /* unicode string */
+#endif
+	case 't': /* buffer, read-only */
+	case 'w': /* buffer, read-write */
+		{
+			(void) va_arg(*p_va, char **);
+			if (*format == '#') {
+				if (flags & FLAG_SIZE_T)
+					(void) va_arg(*p_va, Py_ssize_t *);
+				else
+					(void) va_arg(*p_va, int *);
+				format++;
+			}
+			break;
+		}
+
+	/* object codes */
+
+	case 'S': /* string object */
+#ifdef Py_USING_UNICODE
+	case 'U': /* unicode string object */
+#endif
+		{
+			(void) va_arg(*p_va, PyObject **);
+			break;
+		}
+	
+	case 'O': /* object */
+		{
+			if (*format == '!') {
+				format++;
+				(void) va_arg(*p_va, PyTypeObject*);
+				(void) va_arg(*p_va, PyObject **);
+			}
+#if 0
+/* I don't know what this is for */
+			else if (*format == '?') {
+				inquiry pred = va_arg(*p_va, inquiry);
+				format++;
+				if ((*pred)(arg)) {
+					(void) va_arg(*p_va, PyObject **);
+				}
+			}
+#endif
+			else if (*format == '&') {
+				typedef int (*converter)(PyObject *, void *);
+				(void) va_arg(*p_va, converter);
+				(void) va_arg(*p_va, void *);
+				format++;
+			}
+			else {
+				(void) va_arg(*p_va, PyObject **);
+			}
+			break;
+		}
+	
+	default:
+err:
+		return "impossible<bad format char>";
+	
+	}
+
+	/* The "(...)" format code for tuples is not handled here because
+	 * it is not allowed with keyword args. */
+	
+	*p_format = format;
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+
+int
+PyArg_UnpackTuple(PyObject *args, const char *name, Py_ssize_t min, Py_ssize_t max, ...)
+{
+	Py_ssize_t i, l;
+	PyObject **o;
+	va_list vargs;
+
+#ifdef HAVE_STDARG_PROTOTYPES
+	va_start(vargs, max);
+#else
+	va_start(vargs);
+#endif
+
+	assert(min >= 0);
+	assert(min <= max);
+	if (!PyTuple_Check(args)) {
+		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_SystemError,
+		    "PyArg_UnpackTuple() argument list is not a tuple");
+		return 0;
+	}	
+	l = PyTuple_GET_SIZE(args);
+	if (l < min) {
+		if (name != NULL)
+			PyErr_Format(
+			    PyExc_TypeError,
+			    "%s expected %s%zd arguments, got %zd", 
+			    name, (min == max ? "" : "at least "), min, l);
+		else
+			PyErr_Format(
+			    PyExc_TypeError,
+			    "unpacked tuple should have %s%zd elements,"
+			    " but has %zd", 
+			    (min == max ? "" : "at least "), min, l);
+		va_end(vargs);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (l > max) {
+		if (name != NULL)
+			PyErr_Format(
+			    PyExc_TypeError,
+			    "%s expected %s%zd arguments, got %zd", 
+			    name, (min == max ? "" : "at most "), max, l);
+		else
+			PyErr_Format(
+			    PyExc_TypeError,
+			    "unpacked tuple should have %s%zd elements,"
+			    " but has %zd", 
+			    (min == max ? "" : "at most "), max, l);
+		va_end(vargs);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	for (i = 0; i < l; i++) {
+		o = va_arg(vargs, PyObject **);
+		*o = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(args, i);
+	}
+	va_end(vargs);
+	return 1;
+}
+
+
+/* For type constructors that don't take keyword args
+ *
+ * Sets a TypeError and returns 0 if the kwds dict is 
+ * not emtpy, returns 1 otherwise
+ */
+int
+_PyArg_NoKeywords(const char *funcname, PyObject *kw)
+{
+	if (kw == NULL)
+		return 1;
+	if (!PyDict_CheckExact(kw)) {
+		PyErr_BadInternalCall();
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (PyDict_Size(kw) == 0)
+		return 1;
+	
+	PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError, "%s does not take keyword arguments", 
+			funcname);
+	return 0;
+}
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+};
+#endif