Add Erik Quanstrom's atazz

(needed to disable power management/head unload on 2.5" drive)

11 files changed, 6820 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/sys/src/cmd/atazz/atazz.h b/sys/src/cmd/atazz/atazz.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..16c21f1f5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sys/src/cmd/atazz/atazz.h
@@ -0,0 +1,131 @@
+enum {
+	Cmdn	= 1,
+	Cmdf,			/* cfa only */
+	Cmdp,			/* packet */
+	Cmd5sc,			/* 512-byte sector size, set sector count */
+};
+
+typedef struct Dev Dev;
+struct Dev {
+	Sfis;
+	int	fd;
+	uint	secsize;
+	uvlong	nsect;
+	uvlong	wwn;
+};
+
+enum {
+	Cmdsz	= 18,
+	Replysz	= 18,
+};
+
+typedef struct Rcmd Rcmd;
+struct Rcmd {
+	uchar	sdcmd;		/* sd command; 0xff means ata passthrough */
+	uchar	ataproto;	/* ata protocol.  non-data, pio, reset, dd, etc. */
+	uchar	fis[Fissize];
+};
+
+typedef struct Req Req;
+struct Req {
+	int	rfd;
+	int	wfd;
+	uchar	fmtrw;
+	uvlong	lba;
+	uvlong	count;		/* bytes; allow long sectors to work */
+	uint	nsect;
+	char	haverfis;
+	uint	fisbits;		/* bitmask of manually set fields */
+	Rcmd	cmd;
+	Rcmd	reply;
+	uchar	*data;
+	uchar	raw;
+};
+
+void	sigfmt(Req*);
+void	idfmt(Req*);
+void	iofmt(Req*);
+void	sdfmt(Req*);
+void	smfmt(Req*);
+void	slfmt(Req*);
+void	glfmt(Req*);
+
+typedef struct Btab Btab;
+struct Btab {
+	int	bit;
+	char	*name;
+};
+char	*sebtab(char*, char*, Btab*, int, uint);
+
+typedef struct Txtab Txtab;
+typedef struct Fetab Fetab;
+
+struct Txtab {
+	int	val;
+	char	*name;
+	Fetab	*fe;
+};
+
+struct Fetab {
+	int	reg;
+	Txtab	*tab;
+	int	ntab;
+};
+
+/* sct “registers” */
+enum {
+	Sbase	= 1<<5,
+	Sbyte	= 0<<6,
+	Sw	= 1<<6,
+	Sdw	= 2<<6,
+	Sqw	= 3<<6,
+	Ssz	= 3<<6,
+
+	Saction	= 0 | Sbase | Sw,
+	Sfn	= 1 | Sbase | Sw,
+	Slba	= 2 | Sbase | Sqw,
+	Scnt	= 6 | Sbase | Sqw,
+	Spat	= 10 | Sbase | Sdw,
+	Ssc	= 2 | Sbase | Sw,
+	Stimer	= 3 | Sbase | Sw,
+	Sfe	= 2 | Sbase | Sw,
+	Sstate	= 3 | Sbase | Sw,
+	Soptf	= 4 | Sbase | Sw,
+	Stabid	= 2 | Sbase | Sw,
+
+	Pbase	= 1<<6,
+};
+
+void	pw(uchar*, ushort);
+void	pdw(uchar*, uint);
+void	pqw(uchar*, uvlong);
+ushort	w(uchar*);
+uint	dw(uchar*);
+uvlong	qw(uchar*);
+
+/*
+ * botch.  integrate with fis.h?
+ */
+enum {
+	Psct	= 1<<6 + 8,
+};
+
+typedef struct Atatab Atatab;
+struct Atatab {
+	ushort	cc;
+	uchar	flags;
+	uchar	pktflags;
+	ushort	protocol;
+	Fetab	*tab;
+	void	(*fmt)(Req*);
+	char	*name;
+};
+
+int	eprint(char *, ...);
+int	opendev(char*, Dev*);
+int	probe(void);
+
+extern	int	squelch;
+
+#pragma	varargck	argpos	eprint	1
+#pragma	varargck	type	"π"	char**
diff --git a/sys/src/cmd/atazz/atazz.ms b/sys/src/cmd/atazz/atazz.ms
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..7048327c5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sys/src/cmd/atazz/atazz.ms
@@ -0,0 +1,573 @@
+.FP lucidasans
+.TL
+ATA au Naturel
+.AU
+Erik Quanstrom
+quanstro@quanstro.net
+.AB
+The Plan 9
+.I sd (3)
+interface allows raw commands to be sent.  Traditionally,
+only SCSI CDBs could be sent in this manner.  For devices
+that respond to ATA/ATAPI commands, a small set of SCSI CDBs
+have been translated into an ATA equivalent.  This approach
+works very well.  However, there are ATA commands such as
+SMART which do not have direct translations.  I describe how
+ATA/ATAPI commands were supported without disturbing
+existing functionality.
+.AE
+.SH
+Introduction
+.PP
+In writing new
+.I sd (3)
+drivers for plan 9, it has been necessary to copy laundry
+list of special commands that were needed with previous
+drivers.  The set of commands supported by each device
+driver varies, and they are typically executed by writing a
+magic string into the driver's
+.CW ctl
+file.  This requires code duplicated for each driver, and
+covers few commands.  Coverage depends on the driver.  It is
+not possible for the control interface to return output,
+making some commands impossible to implement.  While a
+work around has been to change the contents of the control
+file, this solution is extremely unwieldy even for simple
+commands such as
+.CW "IDENTIFY DEVICE" .
+.SH
+Considerations
+.PP
+Currently, all 
+.I sd
+devices respond to a small subset of SCSI commands
+through the raw interface and the normal read/write interface uses
+SCSI command blocks.  SCSI devices, of course, respond natively
+while ATA devices emulate these commands with the help
+.I sd .
+This means that
+.I scuzz (8)
+can get surprisingly far with ATA devices, and ATAPI 
+.I \fP(\fPsic. )
+devices
+work quite well.  Although a new implementation might not
+use this approach, replacing the interface did not appear
+cost effective and would lead to maximum incompatibilities,
+while this interface is experimental.  This means that the raw interface will need
+a method of signaling an ATA command rather than a SCSI CDB.
+.PP
+An unattractive wart of the ATA command set is there are seven
+protocols and two command sizes.  While each command has a
+specific size (either 28-bit LBA or 48-bit LLBA) and is
+associated with a particular protocol (PIO, DMA, PACKET,
+etc.), this information is available only by table lookup.
+While this information may not always be necessary for simple
+SATA-based controllers, for the IDE controllers, it is required.
+PIO commands are required and use a different set of registers
+than DMA commands.  Queued DMA commands and ATAPI
+commands are submitted differently still.  Finally,
+the data direction is implied by the command.  Having these
+three extra pieces of information in addition to the command
+seems necessary.
+.PP
+A final bit of extra-command information that may be useful
+is a timeout.  While
+.I alarm (2)
+timeouts work with many drivers, it would be an added
+convenience to be able to specify a timeout along with the
+command.  This seems a good idea in principle, since some
+ATA commands should return within milli- or microseconds,
+others may take hours to complete.  On the other hand, the
+existing SCSI interface does not support it and changing its
+kernel-to-user space format would be quite invasive.  Timeouts
+were left for a later date.
+.SH
+Protocol and Data Format
+.PP
+The existing protocol for SCSI commands suits ATA as well.
+We simply write the command block to the raw device.  Then
+we either write or read the data.  Finally the status block
+is read.  What remains is choosing a data format for ATA
+commands.
+.PP
+The T10 Committee has defined a SCSI-to-ATA translation
+scheme called SAT[4].  This provides a standard set of
+translations between common SCSI commands and ATA commands.
+It specifies the ATA protocol and some other sideband
+information.  It is particularly useful for common commands
+such as
+.CW "READ\ (12)"
+or
+.CW "READ CAPACITY\ (12)" .
+Unfortunately, our purpose is to address the uncommon commands.
+For those, special commands
+.CW "ATA PASSTHROUGH\ (12)"
+and
+.CW "(16)"
+exist.  Unfortunately several commands we are interested in,
+such as those that set transfer modes are not allowed by the
+standard.  This is not a major obstacle.  We could simply
+ignore the standard.  But this goes against the general
+reasons for using an established standard: interoperability.
+Finally, it should be mentioned that SAT format adds yet
+another intermediate format of variable size which would
+require translation to a usable format for all the existing
+Plan 9 drivers.  If we're not hewing to a standard, we should
+build or choose for convenience.
+.PP
+ATA-8 and ACS-2 also specify an abstract register layout.
+The size of the command block varies based on the “size”
+(either 28- or 48-bits) of the command and only context
+differentiates a command from a response.  The SATA
+specification defines host-to-drive communications.  The
+formats of transactions are called Frame Information
+Structures (FISes).  Typically drivers fill out the command
+FISes directly and have direct access to the Device-to-Host
+Register (D2H) FISes that return the resulting ATA register
+settings.  The command FISes are also called Host-to-Device
+(H2D) Register FISes.  Using this structure has several advantages.  It
+is directly usable by many of the existing SATA drivers.
+All SATA commands are the same size and are tagged as
+commands.  Normal responses are also all of the same size
+and are tagged as responses.  Unfortunately, the ATA
+protocol is not specified.  Nevertheless, SATA FISes seem to
+handle most of our needs and are quite convenient; they can
+be used directly by two of the three current SATA drivers.
+.SH
+Implementation
+.PP
+Raw ATA commands are formatted as a ATA escape byte, an
+encoded ATA protocol
+.CW proto
+and the FIS.  Typically this would be a
+H2D FIS, but this is not a requirement.  The escape byte
+.R 0xff ,
+which is not and, according to the current specification,
+will never be a valid SCSI command, was chosen.  The
+protocol encoding
+.CW proto
+and other FIS construction details are specified in
+.CW "/sys/include/fis.h" .
+The
+.CW proto
+encodes the ATA protocol, the command “size” and data
+direction.  The “atazz” command format is pictured in \*(Fn.
+.F1
+.PS
+scale=10
+w=8
+h=2
+define hdr |
+[
+	box $1 		ht h wid w
+] |
+define fis |
+[
+	box $1		ht h wid w
+] |
+
+F: [
+A:	hdr("0xff")
+	hdr("proto")
+	hdr("0x27")
+	hdr("flags")
+
+B:	hdr("cmd")		at A+(0, -h)
+	hdr("feat")
+	hdr("lba0")
+	hdr("lba8")
+
+C:	hdr("lba16")		at B+(0, -h)
+	hdr("dev")
+	hdr("lba24")
+	hdr("lba32")
+
+D:	hdr("lba40")		at C+(0, -h)
+	hdr("feat8")
+	hdr("cnt")
+	hdr("cnt8")
+
+E:	hdr("rsvd")		at D+(0, -h)
+	hdr("ctl")
+]
+G: [
+	fis("sdXX/raw")
+]				at F.se +(w*2, -h)
+arrow from F.e to G.w
+H: [
+	fis("data")
+]				at G.sw +(-w*2, -h)
+HH: [
+	fis("sdXX/raw")
+]				at H.se +(w*2, -h)
+
+arrow from H.e to HH.w
+
+Q: [
+	fis("sdXX/raw")
+]				at HH +(0, -2*h)
+
+I: [
+K:	hdr("0xff")
+	hdr("proto")
+	hdr("0x34")
+	hdr("port");
+
+L:	hdr("stat")		at K+(0, -h)
+	hdr("err")
+	hdr("lba0")
+	hdr("lba8")
+
+M:	hdr("lba16")		at L+(0, -h)
+	hdr("dev")
+	hdr("lba24")
+	hdr("lba32")
+
+O:	hdr("lba40")		at M+(0, -h)
+	hdr("feat8")
+	hdr("cnt")
+	hdr("cnt8")
+
+P:	hdr("rsvd")		at O+(0, -h)
+	hdr("ctl")
+]				at Q.sw +(-w*3.5, -3*h)
+arrow from Q.w to I.e
+
+.PE
+.F2
+.F3
+.PP
+Raw ATA replies are formatted as a one-byte
+.R  sd
+status code followed by the reply FIS.
+The usual read/write register substitutions are
+applied; ioport replaces flags, status replaces cmd, error
+replaces feature.
+.PP
+Important commands such as
+.CW "SMART RETURN STATUS"
+return no data.  In this case, the protocol is run as usual.
+The client performs a 0-byte read to fulfill data transfer
+step.  The status is in the D2H FIS returned as the status.
+The vendor ATA command
+.R 0xf0
+is used to return the device signature FIS as there is no
+universal in-band way to do this without side effects.
+When talking only to ATA drives, it is possible to first
+issue a
+.CW "IDENTIFY PACKET DEVICE"
+and then a
+.CW "IDENTIFY DEVICE"
+command, inferring the device type from the successful
+command.  However, it would not be possible to enumerate the
+devices behind a port multiplier using this technique.
+.SH
+Kernel changes and Libfis
+.PP
+Very few changes were made to devsd to accommodate ATA
+commands.  the
+.CW SDreq
+structure adds
+.CW proto
+and
+.CW ataproto
+fields.  To avoid disturbing existing SCSI functionality and
+to allow drivers which support SCSI and ATA commands in
+parallel, an additional
+.CW ataio
+callback was added to
+.CW SDifc
+with the same signature as
+the existing
+.CW rio
+callback.  About twenty lines of code were
+added to
+.CW port/devsd.c 
+to recognize raw ATA commands and call the
+driver's
+.CW ataio
+function.
+.PP
+To assist in generating the FISes to communicate with devices,
+.CW libfis
+was written.  It contains functions to identify and
+enumerate the important features of a drive, to format
+H2D FISes And finally, functions for
+.I sd
+and
+.I sd
+-devices to build D2H FISes to
+capture the device signature.
+.PP
+All ATA device drivers for the 386 architecture have been
+modified to accept raw ATA commands.  Due to consolidation
+of FIS handling, the AHCI driver lost
+175 lines of code, additional non-atazz-related functionality
+notwithstanding.  The IDE driver remained exactly the same
+size.  Quite a bit more code could be removed if the driver
+were reorganized.  The mv50xx driver gained 153 lines of
+code.  Development versions of the Marvell Orion driver
+lost over 500 lines while
+.CW libfis
+is only about the same line count.
+.PP
+Since FIS formats were used to convey
+commands from user space,
+.CW libfis
+has been equally useful for user space applications.  This is
+because the
+.I atazz
+interface can be thought of as an idealized HBA.  Conversely,
+the hardware driver does not need to know anything about
+the command it is issuing beyond the ATA protocol.
+.SH
+Atazz
+.PP
+As an example and debugging tool, the
+.I atazz (8)
+command was written.
+.I Atazz
+is an analog to
+.I scuzz (8);
+they can be thought of as a driver for a virtual interface provided
+by
+.I sd
+combined with a disk console.
+ATA commands are spelled out verbosely as in ACS-2.  Arbitrary ATA
+commands may be submitted, but the controller or driver may
+not support all of them.  Here is a sample transcript:
+.P1
+az> probe
+/dev/sda0	976773168; 512	50000f001b206489
+/dev/sdC1	0; 0	0
+/dev/sdD0	1023120; 512	0
+/dev/sdE0	976773168; 512	50014ee2014f5b5a
+/dev/sdF7	976773168; 512	5000cca214c3a6d3
+az> open /dev/sdF0
+az> smart enable operations
+az> smart return status
+normal
+az> rfis
+00
+34405000004fc2a00000000000000000
+.P2
+.PP
+In the example, the
+.CW probe
+command is a special command that uses
+.CW #S/sdctl
+to enumerate the controllers in the system.
+For each controller, the 
+.CW sd
+vendor command
+.CW 0xf0
+.CW \fP(\fPGET
+.CW SIGNATURE )
+is issued.  If this command is successful, the
+number of sectors, sector size and WWN are gathered
+and and listed.  The
+.CW /dev/sdC1
+device reports 0 sectors and 0 sector size because it is
+a DVD-RW with no media.  The
+.CW open
+command is another special command that issues the
+same commands a SATA driver would issue to gather
+the information about the drive.  The final two commands
+enable SMART
+and return the SMART status.  The smart status is
+returned in a D2H FIS.  This result is parsed the result
+is printed as either “normal,” or “threshold exceeded”
+(the drive predicts imminent failure).
+.PP
+As a further real-world example, a drive from my file server
+failed after a power outage.  The simple diagnostic
+.CW "SMART RETURN STATUS"
+returned an uninformative “threshold exceeded.”
+We can run some more in-depth tests.  In this case we
+will need to make up for the fact that
+.I atazz
+does not know every option to every command.  We
+will set the
+.CW lba0
+register by hand:
+.P1
+az> smart lba0 1 execute off-line immediate	# short data collection
+az> smart read data
+col status: 00 never started
+exe status: 89 failed: shipping damage, 90% left
+time left: 10507s
+shrt poll: 176m
+ext poll: 19m
+az> 
+.P2
+.PP
+Here we see that the drive claims that it was damaged in
+shipping and the damage occurred in the first 10% of the
+drive.  Since we know the drive had been working before
+the power outage, and the original symptom was excessive
+UREs (Unrecoverable Read Errors) followed by write
+failures, and finally a threshold exceeded condition, it is
+reasonable to assume that the head may have crashed.
+.SH
+Stand Alone Applications
+.PP
+There are several obvious stand-alone applications for
+this functionality: a drive firmware upgrade utility,
+a drive scrubber that bypasses the drive cache and a
+SMART monitor.
+.PP
+Since SCSI also supports a basic SMART-like
+interface through the
+.CW "SEND DIAGNOSTIC"
+and
+.CW "RECEIVE DIAGNOSTIC RESULTS"
+commands,
+.I disk/smart (8)
+gives a chance to test both raw ATA and SCSI
+commands in the same application.
+.PP
+.I Disk/smart
+uses the usual techniques for gathering a list of
+devices or uses the devices given.  Then it issues a raw ATA request for
+the device signature.  If that fails, it is assumed
+that the drive is SCSI, and a raw SCSI request is issued.
+In both cases,
+.I disk/smart
+is able to reliably determine if SMART is supported
+and can be enabled.
+.PP
+If successful, each device is probed every 5 minutes
+and failures are logged.  A one shot mode is also
+available:
+.P1
+chula# disk/smart -atv
+sda0: normal
+sda1: normal
+sda2: normal
+sda3: threshold exceeded
+sdE1: normal
+sdF7: normal
+.P2
+.PP
+Drives
+.CW sda0 ,
+.CW sda1
+are SCSI
+and the remainder are ATA.  Note that other drives
+on the same controller are ATA.
+Recalling that
+.CW sdC0
+was previously listed, we can check to see why no
+results were reported by
+.CW sdC0 :
+.P1
+chula# for(i in a3 C0)
+	echo identify device | 
+		atazz /dev/sd$i >[2]/dev/null |
+		grep '^flags'
+flags	lba llba smart power nop sct 
+flags	lba 
+.P2
+So we see that
+.CW sdC0
+simply does not support the SMART feature set.
+.SH
+Further Work
+.PP
+While the raw ATA interface has been used extensively
+from user space and has allowed the removal of quirky
+functionality, device setup has not yet been addressed.
+For example, both the Orion and AHCI drivers have
+an initialization routine similar to the following
+.P1
+newdrive(Drive *d)
+{
+	setfissig(d, getsig(d));
+	if(identify(d) != 0)
+		return SDeio;
+	setpowermode(d);
+	if(settxmode(d, d->udma) != 0)
+		return SDeio;
+	return SDok;
+}
+.P2
+However in preparing this document, it was discovered
+that one sets the power mode before setting the
+transfer mode and the other does the opposite.  It is
+not clear that this particular difference is a problem,
+but over time, such differences will be the source of bugs.
+Neither the IDE nor the Marvell 50xx drivers sets the
+power mode at all.  Worse,
+none is capable of properly addressing drives with
+features such as PUIS (Power Up In Standby) enabled.
+To addresses this problem all four of the ATA drivers would
+need to be changed.
+.PP
+Rather than maintaining a number of mutually out-of-date
+drivers, it would be advantageous to build an ATA analog
+of
+.CW pc/sdscsi.c
+using the raw ATA interface to submit ATA commands.
+There are some difficulties that make such a change a bit
+more than trivial.  Since current model for hot-pluggable
+devices is not compatible with the top-down
+approach currently taken by
+.I sd 
+this would need to be addressed.  It does not seem that
+this would be difficult.  Interface resets after failed commands
+should also be addressed.
+.SH
+Source
+.PP
+The current source including all the pc drivers and applications
+are available
+in the following
+.I contrib (1)
+packages on
+.I sources :
+.br
+.CW "quanstro/fis" ,
+.br
+.CW "quanstro/sd" ,
+.br
+.CW "quanstro/atazz" ,
+and
+.br
+.CW "quanstro/smart" .
+.PP
+The following manual pages are included:
+.br
+.I fis (2),
+.I sd (3),
+.I sdahci (3),
+.I sdaoe (3),
+.I sdloop (3),
+.I sdorion (3),
+.I atazz (8),
+and
+.I smart (8).
+.SH
+Abbreviated References
+.nr PI 5n
+.IP [1]
+.I sd (1),
+published online at
+.br
+.CW "http://plan9.bell-labs.com/magic/man2html/3/sd" .
+.IP [2]
+.I scuzz (8),
+published online at
+.br
+.CW "http://plan9.bell-labs.com/magic/man2html/8/scuzz" .
+.IP [3]
+T13
+.I "ATA/ATAPI Command Set\ \-\ 2" ,
+revision 1, January 21, 2009,
+formerly published online at 
+.CW "http://www.t13.org" .
+.IP [4]
+T10
+.I "SCSI/ATA Translation\ \-\ 2 (SAT\-2)" ,
+revision 7, February 18, 2007,
+formerly published online at
+.CW "http://www.t10.org" .
diff --git a/sys/src/cmd/atazz/atazz.ps b/sys/src/cmd/atazz/atazz.ps
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e20824c82
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sys/src/cmd/atazz/atazz.ps
@@ -0,0 +1,3414 @@
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+11 /LucidaSans-Italic f
+(sources) 2365 5050 w
+11 /LucidaSansUnicode00 f
+(:) 2770 5050 w
+11 /LucidaTypewriter f
+(quanstro/fis) 720 5180 w
+11 /LucidaSansUnicode00 f
+(,) 1668 5180 w
+11 /LucidaTypewriter f
+(quanstro/sd) 720 5310 w
+11 /LucidaSansUnicode00 f
+(,) 1589 5310 w
+11 /LucidaTypewriter f
+(quanstro/atazz) 720 5440 w
+11 /LucidaSansUnicode00 f
+(, and) 1826 5440 w
+11 /LucidaTypewriter f
+(quanstro/smart) 720 5570 w
+11 /LucidaSansUnicode00 f
+(.) 1826 5570 w
+(The) 720 5740 w
+(following manual) 954 5740 w
+(pages are) 1908 5740 w
+(included:) 2462 5740 w
+11 /LucidaSans-Italic f
+(fis) 720 5870 w
+11 /LucidaSansUnicode00 f
+(\(2\),) 848 5870 w
+11 /LucidaSans-Italic f
+(sd) 1059 5870 w
+11 /LucidaSansUnicode00 f
+(\(3\),) 1180 5870 w
+11 /LucidaSans-Italic f
+(sdahci) 1391 5870 w
+11 /LucidaSansUnicode00 f
+(\(3\),) 1734 5870 w
+11 /LucidaSans-Italic f
+(sdaoe) 1945 5870 w
+11 /LucidaSansUnicode00 f
+(\(3\),) 2254 5870 w
+11 /LucidaSans-Italic f
+(sdloop) 2465 5870 w
+11 /LucidaSansUnicode00 f
+(\(3\),) 2811 5870 w
+11 /LucidaSans-Italic f
+(sdorion) 3022 5870 w
+11 /LucidaSansUnicode00 f
+(\(3\),) 3422 5870 w
+11 /LucidaSans-Italic f
+(atazz) 3633 5870 w
+11 /LucidaSansUnicode00 f
+(\(8\), and) 3927 5870 w
+11 /LucidaSans-Italic f
+(smart) 4371 5870 w
+11 /LucidaSansUnicode00 f
+(\(8\).) 4689 5870 w
+11 /LucidaSans-Demi f
+(Abbreviated) 720 6130 w
+(References) 1446 6130 w
+11 /LucidaSansUnicode00 f
+([1]) 720 6300 w
+11 /LucidaSans-Italic f
+(sd) 995 6300 w
+11 /LucidaSansUnicode00 f
+(\(1\), published online) 1116 6300 w
+(at) 2251 6300 w
+11 /LucidaTypewriter f
+(http://plan9.bell-labs.com/magic/man2html/3/sd) 995 6430 w
+11 /LucidaSansUnicode00 f
+(.) 4629 6430 w
+([2]) 720 6600 w
+11 /LucidaSans-Italic f
+(scuzz) 995 6600 w
+11 /LucidaSansUnicode00 f
+(\(8\), published online) 1290 6600 w
+(at) 2425 6600 w
+11 /LucidaTypewriter f
+(http://plan9.bell-labs.com/magic/man2html/8/scuzz) 995 6730 w
+11 /LucidaSansUnicode00 f
+(.) 4866 6730 w
+([3]) 720 6900 w
+(T13) 995 6900 w
+11 /LucidaSans-Italic f
+(ATA/ATAPI) 1239 6900 w
+(Command) 1865 6900 w
+(Set ) 2446 6900 w
+11 /LucidaSansUnicode20 f
+(\023) 2642 6900 w
+11 /LucidaSans-Italic f
+(2) 2732 6900 w
+11 /LucidaSansUnicode00 f
+(,) 2801 6900 w
+(revision) 2873 6900 w
+(1,) 3329 6900 w
+(January) 3470 6900 w
+(21,) 3901 6900 w
+(2009,) 4111 6900 w
+(formerly) 4459 6900 w
+(published) 4947 6900 w
+(online) 995 7030 w
+(at) 1359 7030 w
+11 /LucidaTypewriter f
+(http://www.t13.org) 1496 7030 w
+11 /LucidaSansUnicode00 f
+(.) 2918 7030 w
+([4]) 720 7200 w
+(T10) 995 7200 w
+11 /LucidaSans-Italic f
+(SCSI/ATA) 1268 7200 w
+(Translation ) 1836 7200 w
+11 /LucidaSansUnicode20 f
+(\023) 2485 7200 w
+11 /LucidaSans-Italic f
+(2) 2575 7200 w
+(\(SAT) 2710 7200 w
+11 /LucidaSansUnicode20 f
+(\023) 2951 7200 w
+11 /LucidaSans-Italic f
+(2\)) 3006 7200 w
+11 /LucidaSansUnicode00 f
+(,) 3111 7200 w
+(revision) 3213 7200 w
+(7,) 3699 7200 w
+(February) 3870 7200 w
+(18,) 4403 7200 w
+(2007,) 4643 7200 w
+(formerly) 5021 7200 w
+cleartomark
+showpage
+saveobj restore
+%%EndPage: 6 6
+%%Page: 7 7
+/saveobj save def
+mark
+7 pagesetup
+11 /LucidaSansUnicode00 f
+(published online) 995 850 w
+(at) 1919 850 w
+11 /LucidaTypewriter f
+(http://www.t10.org) 2056 850 w
+11 /LucidaSansUnicode00 f
+(.) 3478 850 w
+cleartomark
+showpage
+saveobj restore
+%%EndPage: 7 7
+%%Trailer
+done
+%%DocumentFonts: LucidaSansUnicode20 LucidaSansUnicode00 LucidaSans-Demi LucidaSans-Italic LucidaTypewriter
+%%Pages: 7
diff --git a/sys/src/cmd/atazz/bit.c b/sys/src/cmd/atazz/bit.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..9e1f39352
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sys/src/cmd/atazz/bit.c
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+#include <u.h>
+#include <libc.h>
+#include <fis.h>
+#include "atazz.h"
+
+char*
+sebtab(char *p, char *e, Btab *t, int nt, uint u)
+{
+	char *p0;
+	int i;
+
+	p0 = p;
+	for(i = 0; i < nt; i++)
+		if(u & 1<< t[i].bit)
+			p = seprint(p, e, "%s ", t[i].name);
+	if(p > p0)
+		p--;
+	*p = 0;
+	return p;
+}
+
+void
+pw(uchar *p, ushort i)
+{
+	p[0] = i >> 0;
+	p[1] = i >> 8;
+}
+
+void
+pdw(uchar *p, uint i)
+{
+	p[0] = i >> 0;
+	p[1] = i >> 8;
+	p[2] = i >> 16;
+	p[3] = i >> 24;
+}
+
+void
+pqw(uchar *p, uvlong i)
+{
+	pdw(p, i);
+	pdw(p + 4, i >> 32);
+}
+
+ushort
+w(uchar *u)
+{
+	ushort r;
+
+	r = u[0] << 0;
+	r |= u[1] << 8;
+	return r;
+}
+
+uint
+dw(uchar *u)
+{
+	ulong r;
+
+	r = u[0] << 0;
+	r |= u[1] << 8;
+	r |= u[2] << 16;
+	r |= u[3] << 24;
+	return r;
+}
+
+uvlong
+qw(uchar *u)
+{
+	return dw(u) | (uvlong)dw(u + 4)<<32;
+}
diff --git a/sys/src/cmd/atazz/macros.ms b/sys/src/cmd/atazz/macros.ms
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..330626da3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sys/src/cmd/atazz/macros.ms
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+.de F1
+.nr OI \\n(.iu
+.nr PW 1v
+.KF
+.sp 0.3v
+..
+.de T1
+.F1
+..
+.de F2
+.ds Fp Figure\ \\n(Fi
+.ds Fn Figure\ \\n+(Fi
+.ds Fq \\*(Fp
+.F0
+..
+.de T2
+.ds Tp Table\ \\n(Ti
+.ds Tn Table\ \\n+(Ti
+.ds Tq \\*(Tp
+.T0
+..
+.de F0
+.nr BD 1
+.if t .ps \\n(PS-1
+.ie \\n(VS>=41 .vs \\n(VSu-1p
+.el .vs \\n(VSp-1p
+.ft 1
+.di DD
+.ll \\n(.lu*3u/4u
+.in 0
+.fi
+.ad b
+.sp 0.5v
+\f3\\*(Fq\f1\ \ \c
+..
+.de T0
+.nr BD 1
+.if t .ps \\n(PS-1
+.ie \\n(VS>=41 .vs \\n(VSu-1p
+.el .vs \\n(VSp-1p
+.ft 1
+.di DD
+.ll \\n(.lu*3u/4u
+.in 0
+.fi
+.ad b
+.sp 0.5v
+\f3\\*(Tq\f1\ \ \c
+..
+.de F3
+.sp 0.5v
+.di
+.br
+.ll \\n(.lu*4u/3u
+.if \\n(dl>\\n(BD .nr BD \\n(dl
+.if \\n(BD<\\n(.l .in (\\n(.lu-\\n(BDu)/2u
+.nf
+.DD
+.in \\n(OIu
+.nr BD 0
+.fi
+.KE
+.ie \\n(VS>=41 .vs \\n(VSu
+.el .vs \\n(VSp
+..
+.de T3
+.F3
+..
+.de EX
+.P1
+\s-4
+..
+.de EE
+\s+4
+.P2
+..
+.nr Fi 1 +1
+.nr Ti 1 +1
+.ds Fn Figure\ \\n(Fi
+.ds Tn Table\ \\n(Ti
+.nr XP 2	\" delta point size for program
+.nr XV 2p	\" delta vertical for programs
+.nr XT 4	\" delta tab stop for programs
+.nr DV .5v	\" space before start of program
+.FP lucidasans
+.nr PS 11
+.nr VS 13
+.nr LL 6.6i
+.nr PI 0	\" paragraph indent
+.nr PD 4p	\" extra space between paragraphs
+.pl 11i
+.rm CH
diff --git a/sys/src/cmd/atazz/main.c b/sys/src/cmd/atazz/main.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0d0565eaf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sys/src/cmd/atazz/main.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1928 @@
+#include <u.h>
+#include <libc.h>
+#include <fis.h>
+#include "atazz.h"
+#include "tabs.h"
+
+#pragma	varargck	argpos	eprint	1
+#pragma	varargck	type	"π"	char**
+
+enum {
+	Dontread	= -2,
+};
+
+int	interrupted;
+int	rflag;
+int	squelch;
+int	scttrace;
+uchar	issuetr[0x100];
+
+Atatab	*idcmd;
+Atatab	*idpktcmd;
+Atatab	*sigcmd;
+Atatab	*sctread;
+Atatab	*sctissue;
+
+int
+πfmt(Fmt *f)
+{
+	char **p;
+
+	p = va_arg(f->args, char**);
+	if(p == nil)
+		return fmtstrcpy(f, "<nil**>");
+	for(; *p; p++){
+		fmtstrcpy(f, *p);
+		if(p[1] != nil)
+			fmtstrcpy(f, " ");
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int
+eprint(char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	int n;
+	va_list args;
+
+	if(squelch)
+		return 0;
+//	Bflush(&out);
+
+	va_start(args, fmt);
+	n = vfprint(2, fmt, args);
+	va_end(args);
+	return n;
+}
+
+void
+fisset(Req *r, uint i, uint v)
+{
+	if(r->fisbits & 1<<i)
+		return;
+	r->fisbits |= 1<<i;
+	r->cmd.fis[i] = v;
+}
+
+void
+prreq(Req *r)
+{
+	uchar *u;
+
+	print("%.2ux %.2ux\n", r->cmd.sdcmd, r->cmd.ataproto);
+	u = r->cmd.fis;
+	print("%.2ux%.2ux%.2ux%.2ux%.2ux%.2ux%.2ux%.2ux ",
+		u[0], u[1], u[2], u[3], u[4], u[5], u[6], u[7]);
+	u += 8;
+	print("%.2ux%.2ux%.2ux%.2ux%.2ux%.2ux%.2ux%.2ux\n",
+		u[0], u[1], u[2], u[3], u[4], u[5], u[6], u[7]);
+}
+
+char*
+protostr(char *p, char *e, int pr)
+{
+	char *s;
+
+	*p = 0;
+	if(pr & P28)
+		p = seprint(p, e, "28:");
+	else
+		p = seprint(p, e, "28:");
+	switch(pr & Pprotom){
+	default:
+		s = "unk";
+		break;
+	case Ppkt:
+		s = "pkt";
+		break;
+	case Pdiag:
+		s = "dig";
+		break;
+	case Preset:
+		s = "rst";
+		break;
+	case Pdmq:
+		s = "dmq";
+		break;
+	case Pdma:
+		s = "dma";
+		break;
+	case Ppio:
+		s = "pio";
+		break;
+	}
+	p = seprint(p, e, "%s:", s);
+	switch(pr & Pdatam){
+	default:
+		s = "nd";
+		break;
+	case Pin:
+		s = "in";
+		break;
+	case Pout:
+		s = "out";
+		break;
+	}
+	p = seprint(p, e, "%s", s);
+	return p;
+}
+
+void
+displaycmd(Req *r, Atatab *a)
+{
+	char buf[32];
+	int i;
+
+	if(a->cc > nelem(issuetr) || !issuetr[a->cc])
+		return;
+	protostr(buf, buf + sizeof buf, a->protocol);
+	fprint(2, "cmd %s:%2ux ", buf, a->cc);
+	for(i = 0; i < 16; i++)
+		fprint(2, "%.2ux", r->cmd.fis[i]);
+	fprint(2, "\n");
+}
+
+int
+issueata(Req *r, Atatab *a, Dev *d)
+{
+	uchar u;
+	int n, ok, pr, rv;
+
+	r->haverfis = 0;
+	pr = a->protocol & Pdatam;
+	r->data = realloc(r->data, r->count);
+	if(r->data == nil && r->count > 0)
+		sysfatal("realloc: %r");
+	if(r->data == nil && pr != Pnd)
+		sysfatal("no data for cmd %.2ux", a->cc);
+	if(0 && r->fisbits)
+		print("fisbits %.16b\n", r->fisbits);
+	r->cmd.sdcmd = 0xff;
+	r->cmd.ataproto = a->protocol;
+	if(a->cc & 0xff00)
+		fisset(r, 0, a->cc >> 8);
+	else
+		fisset(r, 0, H2dev);
+	fisset(r, 1, Fiscmd);
+	fisset(r, 2, a->cc);
+	switch(pr){
+	case Pout:
+		if(r->rfd != Dontread){
+			n = readn(r->rfd, r->data, r->count);
+			if(n != r->count){
+				if(n == -1)
+					eprint("!short src read %r\n");
+				else
+					eprint("!short src read %d wanted %lld\n", n, r->count);
+				return -1;
+			}
+		}
+	case Pnd:
+	case Pin:
+		if(0 && (d->feat & Dlba) == 0 && (d->c | d->h | d->s)){
+			int c, h, s;
+			c = r->lba / (d->s * d->h);
+			h = (r->lba / d->s) % d->h;
+			s = (r->lba % d->s) + 1;
+print("%d %d %d\n", c, h, s);
+			fisset(r, 4, s);
+			fisset(r, 5, c);
+			fisset(r, 6, c >> 8);
+			fisset(r, 7, Ataobs | h);
+		}else{
+			fisset(r, 4, r->lba);
+			fisset(r, 5, r->lba >> 8);
+			fisset(r, 6, r->lba >> 16);
+			u = Ataobs;
+			if(pr == Pin || pr == Pout)
+				u |= Atalba;
+			if((d->feat & Dllba) == 0)
+				u |= (r->lba >> 24) & 7;
+			fisset(r, 7, u);
+			fisset(r, 8, r->lba >> 24);
+			fisset(r, 9, r->lba >> 32);
+			fisset(r, 10, r->lba >> 48);
+		}
+		fisset(r, 12, r->nsect);
+		fisset(r, 13, r->nsect >> 8);
+		break;
+	}
+	fisset(r, 7, Ataobs);
+	displaycmd(r, a);
+	if(write(d->fd, &r->cmd, Cmdsz) != Cmdsz){
+		eprint("fis write error: %r\n");
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	werrstr("");
+	switch(pr){
+	default:
+		ok = read(d->fd, "", 0) == 0;
+		break;
+	case Pin:
+		ok = read(d->fd, r->data, r->count) == r->count;
+		r->lba += r->nsect;
+		break;
+	case Pout:
+		ok = write(d->fd, r->data, r->count) == r->count;
+		r->lba += r->nsect;
+		break;
+	}
+	rv = 0;
+	if(ok == 0){
+		eprint("xfer error: %.2ux %r\n", a->cc);
+		rv = -1;
+	}
+	switch(n = read(d->fd, &r->reply, Replysz)){
+	case Replysz:
+		r->haverfis = 1;
+		return rv;
+	case -1:
+		eprint("status fis read error: %r\n");
+		return -1;
+	default:
+		eprint("status fis read error: short read: %d of %d\n", n, Replysz);
+		return -1;
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * cheezy code; just issue a inquiry.  use scuzz
+ * for real work with atapi devices
+ */
+int
+issuepkt(Req *r, Atatab *a, Dev *d)
+{
+	char *p;
+	uchar *u;
+	int n, rv;
+
+	r->haverfis = 0;
+	r->count = 128;
+	r->data = realloc(r->data, r->count);
+	if(r->data == nil && r->count > 0)
+		sysfatal("realloc: %r");
+	r->cmd.sdcmd = 0xff;
+	r->cmd.ataproto = a->protocol;
+	memset(r->cmd.fis, 0, Fissize);
+
+	u = r->cmd.fis;
+	u[0] = 0x12;
+	u[4] = 128-1;
+	displaycmd(r, a);
+
+	if(write(d->fd, &r->cmd, 6 + 2) != 6 + 2){
+		eprint("fis write error: %r\n");
+		return -1;
+	}
+	n = read(d->fd, r->data, r->count);
+	rv = 0;
+	if(n == -1){
+		eprint("xfer error: %.2ux %r\n", a->cc);
+		rv = -1;
+	}
+
+	print("n is %d (%lld)\n", n, r->count);
+	if(n > 32){
+		p = (char*)r->data;
+		print("%.8s %.16s\n", p + 8, p + 16);
+	}
+
+	u = (uchar*)&r->reply;
+	n = read(d->fd, u, Replysz);
+	if(n < 0){
+		eprint("status fis read error (%d): %r\n", n);
+		return -1;
+	}
+	
+	if(n < Replysz)
+		memset(u + n, 0, Replysz - n);
+	r->haverfis = 1;
+	return rv;
+}
+
+/*
+ * silly protocol:
+ * 1.  use write log ext 0xe0 to fill out the command
+ * 2.  use write log ext 0xe1 to write or data (if any)
+ * 3.  use read log ext 0xe0 to nab status.  polled
+ */
+void
+sctreq(Req *r)
+{
+	memset(r, 0, sizeof *r);
+	r->rfd = Dontread;
+}
+
+char*
+sctrsp(Req *r)
+{
+	uint i;
+	static char buf[32];
+
+	if(!r->haverfis)
+		return "no rfis";
+	if((r->reply.fis[Frerror] & (Eidnf | Eabrt)) == 0)
+		return nil;
+	i = r->reply.fis[Fsc] | r->reply.fis[Flba0]<<8;
+	if(i == 0xffff)
+		return "in progress";
+	else if(i == 0){
+		snprint(buf, sizeof buf, "unknown %.2ux", r->reply.fis[Frerror]);
+		return buf;
+	}else if(i < nelem(sctetab))
+		return sctetab[i];
+	else
+		return "<bad>";
+}
+
+char*
+sctready(Dev *d, int sec)
+{
+	char *s;
+	int i;
+	Req r;
+	static char e[ERRMAX];
+
+	for(;;){
+		if(interrupted){
+			s = "interrupted";
+			break;
+		}
+		sctreq(&r);
+		fisset(&r, Fsc, 1);
+		fisset(&r, Flba0, 0xe0);
+		r.count = 512;
+		i = issueata(&r, sctread, d);
+		free(r.data);
+		if(i == -1){
+			rerrstr(e, ERRMAX);
+			s = e;
+			break;
+		}
+		if((r.cmd.fis[Fsc] | r.cmd.fis[Fsc8]<<8) != 0xffff){
+			s = sctrsp(&r);
+			break;
+		}
+		if(sec == 0){
+			s = "timeout";
+			break;
+		}
+		sleep(1000);
+		sec--;
+	}
+	return s;
+}
+
+typedef struct Sttab Sttab;
+struct Sttab {
+	int	o;
+	int	sz;
+	char	*name;
+};
+
+Sttab sctt[] = {
+	0,	2,	"version",
+	2,	2,	"period",
+	4,	2,	"intval",
+	6,	1,	"max op",
+	7,	1,	"max",
+	8,	1,	"min op",
+	9,	1,	"min",
+};
+
+void
+sctttab(Req *r)
+{
+	char c, buf[10];
+	int i, n, l, d;
+	uchar *u;
+
+	u = r->data;
+	for(i = 0; i < nelem(sctt); i++){
+		switch(sctt[i].sz){
+		case 1:
+			c = u[sctt[i].o];
+			print("%s\t%d\n", sctt[i].name, c);
+			break;
+		case 2:
+			d = w(u + sctt[i].o);
+			print("%s\t%ud\n", sctt[i].name, d);
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	n = w(u + 30);
+	l = w(u + 32);
+	for(i = 0; i < n; i++){
+		c = u[34 + (l + i) % n];
+		if((uchar)c == 0x80)
+			snprint(buf, sizeof buf, "xx");
+		else
+			snprint(buf, sizeof buf, "%d", c);
+		d = i%10;
+		if(d == 0)
+			print("\nt%d\t%d", i, c);
+		else
+			print("% .2d", c);
+	}
+	if(i%10)
+		print("\n");
+}
+
+static struct {
+	uint	code;
+	char	*s;
+	char	*ms;
+} fxtab[] = {
+	0x00010001,	"set features",	0,
+	0x00010002,	"enabled",	0,
+	0x00010003,	"disabled",	0,
+
+	0x00020001,	"enabled",	0,
+	0x00020002,	"disabled",	0,
+
+	0x0003ffff,	"minute",	"minutes",
+};
+
+void
+sctfcout(ushort *u, Req *r)
+{
+	uchar *f;
+	ushort v;
+	uint c, m, i;
+
+	f = r->reply.fis;
+	switch(u[1]){
+	case 1:
+	case 2:
+		v = f[Fsc] | f[Flba0]<<8;
+		c = u[2]<<16 | v;
+		m = u[2]<<16 | 0xffff;
+		for(i = 0; i < nelem(fxtab); i++)
+			if(fxtab[i].code == c)
+				print("%s\n", fxtab[i].s);
+			else if(fxtab[i].code == m)
+				print("%d %s\n", v, v>1? fxtab[i].ms: fxtab[i].s);
+		break;
+	case 3:
+		v = f[Fsc] | f[Flba0]<<8;
+		if(v & 1)
+			print("preserve\n");
+		else
+			print("volatile\n");
+		break;
+	}
+}
+
+void
+scterout(ushort *u, Req *r)
+{
+	uchar *f;
+	uint v;
+
+	f = r->reply.fis;
+	switch(u[1]){
+	case 2:
+		v = f[Fsc] | f[Flba0]<<8;
+		v *= 100;
+		print("%dms\n", v);
+	}
+}
+
+void
+sctout(ushort *u, Req *r)
+{
+	switch(u[0]){
+	case 5:
+		sctttab(r);
+		break;
+	case 4:
+		sctfcout(u, r);
+		break;
+	case 3:
+		scterout(u, r);
+		break;
+	}
+}
+
+int
+issuesct0(Req *r0, Atatab *a, Dev *d)
+{
+	char *s;
+	uchar proto;
+	Atatab *txa;
+	Req r;
+
+	if((d->feat & Dsct) == 0){
+		eprint("sct not supported\n");
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	/* 1. issue command */
+	sctreq(&r);
+	r.data = malloc(r0->count);
+	memcpy(r.data, r0->data, r0->count);
+	r.count = r0->count;
+	fisset(&r, Fsc, 1);
+	fisset(&r, Flba0, 0xe0);
+	if(issueata(&r, sctissue, d) == -1)
+		return -1;
+	if(s = sctrsp(&r)){
+		eprint("sct error: %s\n", s);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	/* 1a. check response */
+	if((s = sctready(d, 1)) != nil){
+		eprint("sct cmd: %s\n", s);
+		return -1;
+	}
+	/* 2. transfer data */
+
+	proto = a->protocol;
+	if(r0->fisbits & 1 << 16){
+		proto &= ~Pdatam;
+		proto |= r0->cmd.ataproto;
+	}
+	switch(proto & Pdatam){
+	default:
+		txa = nil;
+		break;
+	case Pin:
+		txa = sctread;
+		break;
+/*	case Pout:
+		txa = sctout;
+		break;
+*/
+	}
+
+	if(txa != nil){
+		sctreq(&r);
+		r.count = 512;
+		fisset(&r, Fsc, 1);
+		fisset(&r, Flba0, 0xe1);
+		if(issueata(&r, txa, d) == -1)
+			return -1;
+
+		/* 2a. check response */
+		if((s = sctready(d, 1)) != nil){
+			eprint("sct cmd: %s\n", s);
+			return -1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	sctout((ushort*)r0->data, &r);
+	free(r.data);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void*
+pushtrace(int i)
+{
+	void *tr0;
+
+	tr0 = malloc(sizeof issuetr);
+	if(tr0 == 0)
+		return 0;
+	memcpy(tr0, issuetr, sizeof issuetr);
+	memset(issuetr, i, sizeof issuetr);
+	return tr0;
+}
+
+static void
+poptrace(void *tr0)
+{
+	if(tr0 == nil)
+		return;
+	memcpy(issuetr, tr0, sizeof issuetr);
+	free(tr0);
+}
+
+int
+issuesct(Req *r0, Atatab *a, Dev *d)
+{
+	int r;
+	void *t;
+
+	t = nil;
+	if(scttrace)
+		t = pushtrace(1);
+	r = issuesct0(r0, a, d);
+	if(scttrace)
+		poptrace(t);
+	return r;
+}
+
+int
+issue(Req *r, Atatab *a, Dev *d)
+{
+	int rv;
+	int (*f)(Req*, Atatab*, Dev*);
+
+	if(a->protocol & Psct)
+		f = issuesct;
+	else if((a->protocol & Pprotom) == Ppkt)
+		f = issuepkt;
+	else
+		f = issueata;
+	rv = f(r, a, d);
+	if(r->haverfis)
+	if(r->reply.fis[Fstatus] & ASerr){
+		werrstr("ata error");
+		rv = -1;
+	}
+	return rv;
+}
+
+void
+sigfmt(Req *r)
+{
+	print("%.8ux\n", fistosig(r->reply.fis));
+}
+
+int
+opendev(char *dev, Dev *d)
+{
+	char buf[128];
+	int rv;
+	ushort *u;
+	Req r;
+
+	if(d->fd != -1)
+		close(d->fd);
+	memset(d, 0, sizeof *d);
+	snprint(buf, sizeof buf, "%s/raw", dev);
+	d->fd = open(buf, ORDWR);
+	if(d->fd == -1)
+		return -1;
+	memset(&r, 0, sizeof r);
+	if(issue(&r, sigcmd, d) == -1){
+lose:
+		close(d->fd);
+		return -1;
+	}
+	setfissig(d, fistosig(r.reply.fis));
+	memset(&r, 0, sizeof r);
+	r.count = 512;
+	r.nsect = 1;
+	if(d->sig>>16 == 0xeb14)
+		rv = issue(&r, idpktcmd, d);
+	else
+		rv = issue(&r, idcmd, d);
+	if(rv == -1)
+		goto lose;
+	u = (ushort*)r.data;
+	d->nsect = idfeat(d, u);
+	d->secsize = idss(d, u);
+	d->wwn = idwwn(d, u);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void
+rawout(Req *r)
+{
+	int n;
+
+	n = write(r->wfd, r->data, r->count);
+	if(n != r->count)
+		eprint("!short write %ud wanted %lld\n", n, r->count);
+}
+
+static ushort
+gbit16(void *a)
+{
+	ushort j;
+	uchar *i;
+
+	i = a;
+	j  = i[1] << 8;
+	j |= i[0];
+	return j;
+}
+
+static Btab extra[] = {
+	12,	"ncqpri",
+	11,	"ncqunload",
+	10,	"phyevent",
+	9,	"hpwrctl",
+	3,	"6.0gbit",
+	2,	"3.0gbit",
+	1,	"1.5gbit",
+};
+
+static Btab suptab[] = {
+	8,	"wwn",
+	5,	"mediaserial",
+	1,	"smartst",
+	0,	"smartlog"
+};
+
+char*
+pextraid(char *p, char *e, ushort *id, uint *medserial)
+{
+	char *p0;
+	ushort u;
+
+	*p = 0;
+	*medserial = 0;
+	p0 = p;
+	p = sebtab(p, e, extra, nelem(extra), gbit16(id + 76));
+	if(p != p0)
+		p = seprint(p, e, " ");
+	u = gbit16(id + 83);
+	if(u & 1<<5)
+		p = seprint(p, e, "gpl ");
+	p0 = p;
+	p = sebtab(p, e, suptab, nelem(suptab), gbit16(id + 84));
+	if(p != p0)
+		p = seprint(p, e, " ");
+	u = gbit16(id + 120);
+	if(u & 1<<2)
+		p = seprint(p, e, "wunc ");
+	return p;
+}
+
+static char *patatab[] = {
+	"ata8-apt",
+	"ata/atapi-7",
+};
+
+static char *satatab[] = {
+	"ata8-ast",
+	"sata1.0a",
+	"sataiiext",
+	"sata2.5",
+	"sata2.6",
+	"sata3.0",
+};
+
+char*
+ptransport(char *p, char *e, ushort *id)
+{
+	char *s;
+	ushort u, i;
+
+	u = gbit16(id + 222);
+	if(u == 0 || u == 0xffff)
+		return seprint(p, e, "unreported ");
+	i = (u>>5) & 0x7f;
+	switch(u & 7<<12){
+	default:
+		s = "unktransport";
+		break;
+	case 0:
+		s = "unkparallel";
+		if(i < nelem(patatab))
+			s = patatab[i];
+		break;
+	case 1<<12:
+		s = "unkserial";
+		if(i < nelem(satatab))
+			s = satatab[i];
+		break;
+	}
+	return seprint(p, e, "%s ", s);
+}
+
+Btab entab[] = {
+	10,	"hpa",
+	9,	"reset",
+	8,	"service",
+	7,	"release",
+	6,	"rdlookahd",
+	5,	"vwc",
+	4,	"packet",
+	3,	"pm",
+	2,	"security",
+	1,	"smart",
+};
+
+Btab addlen[] = {
+	15,	"cfast",
+//	14,	"trim",	/* check 169 */
+	13,	"lpsalignerr",
+	12,	"iddma",
+	11,	"rbufdma",
+	10,	"wbufdma",
+	9,	"pwddma",
+	8,	"dlmcdma",
+};
+
+char*
+penabled(char *p, char *e, ushort *id)
+{
+	char *p0;
+	ushort u;
+
+	p0 = p;
+	p = sebtab(p, e, addlen, nelem(addlen), gbit16(id + 69));
+	u = gbit16(id + 87);
+	if(u>>14 == 1){
+		if(p != p0)
+			p = seprint(p, e, " ");
+		p = sebtab(p, e, entab, nelem(entab), gbit16(id + 85));
+	}
+	return p;
+}
+
+static char *fftab[] = {
+	nil,
+	"5¼",
+	"3½",
+	"2½",
+	"1.8",
+	"<1.8",
+};
+
+char*
+pff(char *p, char *e, ushort *id)
+{
+	char *p0;
+	ushort u;
+
+	p0 = p;
+	u = gbit16(id + 168);
+	if(u < nelem(fftab) && fftab[u] != nil)
+		p = seprint(p, e, "%s ", fftab[u]);
+	u = gbit16(id + 217);
+	if(u == 1)
+		p = seprint(p, e, "solid-state ");
+	else if(u != 0 && u != 0xfffe)
+		p = seprint(p, e, "%udrpm ", u);
+	if(p != p0)
+		p--;
+	*p = 0;
+	return p;
+}
+
+Btab scttab[] = {
+	5,	"tables",
+	4,	"feactl",
+	3,	"errctl",
+	2,	"wsame",
+	1,	"rwlong",
+	0,	"sct",
+};
+
+char*
+psct(char *p, char *e, ushort *id)
+{
+	return sebtab(p, e, scttab, nelem(scttab), gbit16(id + 206));
+}
+
+void
+idfmt(Req *r)
+{
+	char buf[100];
+	uint ss, i;
+	ushort *id;
+	uvlong nsect;
+	Sfis f;
+
+	if(r->fmtrw == 0){
+		rawout(r);
+		return;
+	}
+	id = (ushort*)r->data;
+	nsect = idfeat(&f, id);
+	ss = idss(&f, id);
+
+	idmove(buf, id+10, 20);
+	print("serial\t%s\n", buf);
+	idmove(buf, id+23, 8);
+	print("firm\t%s\n", buf);
+	idmove(buf, id+27, 40);
+	print("model\t%s\n", buf);
+	print("wwn\t%ullx\n", idwwn(&f, id));
+	pflag(buf, buf + sizeof buf, &f);
+	print("flags\t%s", buf);
+	print("geometry %llud %ud", nsect, ss);
+	if(f.c | f.h | f.s)
+		print(" %ud %ud %ud", f.c, f.h, f.s);
+	print("\n");
+	penabled(buf, buf + sizeof buf, id);
+	print("enabled\t%s\n", buf);
+	pextraid(buf, buf + sizeof buf, id, &i);
+	print("extra\t%s\n", buf);
+	if(i){
+		idmove(buf, id + 176, 60);
+		if(buf[0] != 0)
+			print("medias\t%s\n", buf);
+	}
+	psct(buf, buf + sizeof buf, id);
+	if(buf[0])
+		print("sct\t%s\n", buf);
+	ptransport(buf, buf + sizeof buf, id);
+	print("trans\t%s\n", buf);
+	pff(buf, buf + sizeof buf, id);
+	if(buf[0])
+		print("ff\t%s\n", buf);
+}
+
+void
+smfmt(Req *r)
+{
+	uchar *fis;
+
+	if(r->cmd.fis[Ffeat] == 0xda){
+		fis = r->reply.fis;
+		if(fis[5] == 0x4f &&
+		   fis[6] == 0xc2)
+			eprint("normal\n");
+		else
+			eprint("threshold exceeded\n");
+		return;
+	}
+}
+
+void
+iofmt(Req *r)
+{
+	uchar *u;
+	int i;
+
+	if(r->fmtrw == 0){
+		rawout(r);
+		return;
+	}
+	u = r->data;
+	for(i = 0; i < r->count; i += 16)
+		fprint(2, "%.2ux%.2ux%.2ux%.2ux%.2ux%.2ux%.2ux%.2ux"
+		"%.2ux%.2ux%.2ux%.2ux%.2ux%.2ux%.2ux%.2ux\n",
+		u[i + 0], u[i + 1], u[i + 2], u[i + 3], u[i + 4], u[i + 5], u[i + 6], u[i + 7],
+		u[i + 8], u[i + 9], u[i +10], u[i +11], u[i +12], u[i +13], u[i +14], u[i +15]);
+}
+
+static char *csbyte[] = {
+	"never started",
+	nil,
+	"competed without error",
+	"in progress",
+	"suspended by cmd from host",
+	"aborted by cmd from host",
+	"aborted by device with fatal error",
+};
+
+static char *exe[] = {
+	"no error or never run",
+	"aborted by host",
+	"interrupted by host",
+	"fatal error; unable to complete",
+	"failed",
+	"failed: electricial",
+	"failed: servo",
+	"failed: read",
+	"failed: shipping damage",
+[0xf]	"in progress",
+};
+
+char*
+tabtr(uint u, char **tab, int ntab)
+{
+	char *s;
+
+	if(u >= ntab || (s = tab[u]) == nil)
+		s = "reserved";
+	return s;
+}
+
+void
+sdfmt(Req *r)
+{
+	char *s;
+	uchar *b;
+	ushort u;
+
+	if(r->fmtrw == 0){
+		rawout(r);
+		return;
+	}
+	b = r->data;
+	u = b[362];
+	if((u & 0xf0) == 0x80 && u != 0x81 && u != 0x83)
+		u &= 0xf;
+	s = tabtr(u, csbyte, nelem(csbyte));
+	print("col status: %.2ux %s\n", b[362], s);
+	u = b[363];
+	s = tabtr(u>>4, exe, nelem(exe));
+	if(u & 0xf)
+		print("exe status: %.2ux %s, %d0%% left\n", u, s, u & 0xf);
+	else
+		print("exe status: %.2ux %s\n", u, s);
+	u = b[364] | b[365]<<8;
+	print("time left: %uds\n", u);
+	print("shrt poll: %udm\n", b[373]);
+	u = b[374];
+	if(u == 0xff)
+		u = b[375] | b[376]<<8;
+	print("ext poll: %udm\n", u);
+}
+
+void
+pagemapfmt(Req *r)
+{
+	int i;
+	ushort *u;
+
+	u = (ushort*)r->data;
+	if(u[0] != 1){
+		print("unsupported\n");
+		return;
+	}
+	for(i = 1; i < 128; i++)
+		if(u[i] > 0)
+			print("page %d: %d\n", i, u[i]);
+}
+
+void
+slfmt(Req *r)
+{
+	switch(r->cmd.fis[Flba0]){
+	default:
+		iofmt(r);
+		break;
+	case 0:
+		pagemapfmt(r);
+		break;
+	}
+}
+
+enum{
+	Physz	= 7<<12,
+};
+
+static char *phyec[] = {
+	"no event",
+	"icrc",
+	"err data",
+	"err d2h data",
+	"err h2d data",
+[0x05]	"err nd",
+	"err d2h nd",
+	"err h2d nd",
+	"retry d2h nd",
+	"nready",
+[0x0a]	"comreset",
+	"h2d crc",
+	nil,
+	"bad h2d",
+	nil,
+	"err h2d data crc",
+[0x10]	"err h2d data",
+	nil,
+	"err h2d nd crc",
+	"err h2d nd",
+};
+
+void
+phyfmt(Req *r)
+{
+	char *ec;
+	uchar *p;
+	ushort *u, *e, id, sz;
+
+	u = (ushort*)r->data;
+	e = u + 510/sizeof *u;
+	for(u += 2; u < e; u += sz){
+		id = w((uchar*)u);
+		sz = (id & Physz) >> 12;
+		id &= ~Physz;
+		if(sz == 0)
+			break;
+		ec = "unk";
+		if(id < nelem(phyec) && phyec[id] != nil)
+			ec = phyec[id];
+		print("%.4ux\t%-15s\t", id, ec);
+		p = (uchar*)u + 2;
+		switch(sz<<1){
+		default:
+			print("\n");
+			break;
+		case 2:
+			print("%.4ux\n", w(p));
+			break;
+		case 4:
+			print("%.8ux\n", dw(p));
+			break;
+		case 8:
+			print("%.16llux\n", qw(p));
+			break;
+		}
+		sz += 1;
+	}
+}
+
+typedef struct Gltab Gltab;
+struct Gltab{
+	int	offset;
+	char	*name;
+};
+
+Gltab page3[] = {
+	8,	"power-on hrs",
+	16,	"head flying hrs",
+	24,	"head loads",
+	32,	"realloc'd sec",
+	40,	"read recovery att",
+	48,	"start failures"
+};
+	
+void
+qpfmt(Req *r, Gltab *t, int ntab)
+{
+	uchar *u;
+	int i;
+	uvlong v;
+
+	u = r->data;
+	for(i = 0; i < ntab; i++){
+		v = qw(u + t[i].offset);
+		if((v & 3ll<<63) != 3ll<<63)
+			continue;
+		print("%lud\t%s\n", (ulong)v, t[i].name);
+	}
+}
+
+static char *sctsttab[] = {
+	"active waiting",
+	"standby",
+	"sleep",
+	"dst bgnd",
+	"smart bgnd",
+	"sct bgnd",
+};
+
+void
+sctstatfmt(Req *r)
+{
+	char *s;
+	uchar *id, c;
+
+	id = r->data;
+	print("version\t%d\n", gbit16(id + 0));
+	print("vnd ver\t%2ux\n", gbit16(id + 2));
+	print("flags\t%.8ux\n", dw(id + 6));
+	c = id[10];
+	s = "unk";
+	if(c < nelem(sctsttab))
+		s = sctsttab[c];
+	print("state\t%s\n", s);
+	print("ext stat\t%.4ux\n", gbit16(id + 14));
+	print("act code\t%.4ux\n", gbit16(id + 16));
+	print("fn code\t%.4ux\n", gbit16(id + 18));
+	print("lba\t%llud\n", qw(id + 40));
+	print("temp\t%d\n", id[200]);
+	print("min t\t%d %d\n", id[201], id[203]);
+	print("max t\t%d %d\n", id[202], id[204]);
+	print("ot\t%d\n", dw(id + 206));
+	print("ut\t%d\n", dw(id + 210));
+}
+
+
+void
+glfmt(Req *r)
+{
+	switch(r->cmd.fis[Flba0]){
+	case 0:
+		pagemapfmt(r);
+		break;
+	case 3:
+		qpfmt(r, page3, nelem(page3));
+		break;
+	case 17:
+		phyfmt(r);
+		break;
+	case 0xe0:
+		sctstatfmt(r);
+		break;
+	default:
+		iofmt(r);
+		break;
+	}
+}
+
+char*
+readline(char *prompt, char *line, int len)
+{
+	char *p, *e, *q;
+	int n, dump;
+
+	e = line + len;
+retry:
+	dump = 0;
+	if(interrupted)
+		eprint("\n%s", prompt);
+	else
+		eprint("%s", prompt);
+	interrupted = 0;
+	for(p = line;; p += n){
+		if(p == e){
+			dump = 1;
+			p = line;
+		}
+		n = read(0, p, e - p);
+		if(n < 0){
+			if(interrupted)
+				goto retry;
+			return nil;
+		}
+		if(n == 0)
+			return nil;
+		if(q = memchr(p, '\n', n)){
+			if(dump){
+				eprint("!line too long\n");
+				goto retry;
+			}
+			p = q;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	*p = 0;
+	return line;
+}
+
+void
+suggesttab(char *cmd, Atatab *a, int n)
+{
+	int i, l;
+
+	l = strlen(cmd);
+	for(i = 0; i < n; i++)
+		if(cistrncmp(cmd, a[i].name, l) == 0)
+			eprint("%s\n", a[i].name);
+}
+
+Atatab*
+findtab(char **cmd, Atatab *a, int n)
+{
+	char *p, *c;
+	int i, cc, max, l;
+
+	cc = strtoul(*cmd, &p, 0);
+	if(p != *cmd && (*p == 0 || *p == ' ')){
+		for(i = 0; i < n; i++)
+			if(a[i].cc == cc){
+				*cmd = p + 1;
+				return a + cc;
+			}
+		return 0;
+	}
+	max = 0;
+	cc = 0;
+	c = *cmd;
+	for(i = 0; i < n; i++){
+		l = strlen(a[i].name);
+		if(l > max && cistrncmp(*cmd, a[i].name, l) == 0)
+		if(c[l] == ' ' || c[l] == 0){
+			max = l + (c[l] == ' ');
+			cc = i;
+		}
+	}
+	if(max > 0){
+		*cmd = *cmd + max;
+		return a + cc;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+		
+int
+catch(void*, char *note)
+{
+	if(strstr(note, "interrupt") != nil)
+		return interrupted = 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+char**
+ndargs(Atatab*, Req *, char **p)
+{
+	return p;
+}
+
+char**
+ioargs(Atatab *, Req *r, char **p)
+{
+	if(r->nsect == 0)
+		r->nsect = 1;
+	if(p[0] == 0)
+		return p;
+	r->lba = strtoull(p[0], 0, 0);
+	p++;
+	if(p[0] == 0)
+		return p;
+	r->nsect = strtoul(p[0], 0, 0);
+	return p + 1;
+}
+
+char**
+stdargs(Atatab *, Req *r, char **p)
+{
+	char *s;
+	Rune x;
+
+	for(; p[0] && p[0][0] == '-' && p[0][1]; p++){
+		s = p[0] + 1;
+		if(*s == '-'){
+			p++;
+			break;
+		}
+		while(*s && (s += chartorune(&x, s)))
+		switch(x){
+		case 'r':
+			r->raw = 1;
+			break;
+		default:
+			return p;
+		}
+	}
+	return p;
+}
+
+static void
+chopoff(char *s, char *extra)
+{
+	char *p;
+	int l, ls;
+
+	l = strlen(extra);
+	ls = strlen(s);
+	if(l >= ls)
+		return;
+	p = s + ls - l;
+	if(strcmp(p, extra) == 0)
+		*p = 0;
+}
+
+char*
+trim(char *s)
+{
+	char *p;
+
+	while(*s && (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t'))
+		s++;
+	if(*s == 0)
+		return nil;
+	p = s + strlen(s) - 1;
+	while(*p == ' ' || *p == '\t')
+		p--;
+	p[1] = 0;
+	return s;
+}
+
+int
+doredir(Req *r, char **f, int nf, int mode, int *fd1, int *fd2)
+{
+	int fd;
+
+	if(nf != 1 && nf != 2){
+		eprint("!args\n");
+		return -1;
+	}
+	fd = -1;
+	if(nf == 2){
+		fd = open(f[1], mode);
+		if(mode != OREAD){
+			if(fd == -1)
+				fd = create(f[1], mode, 0660);
+			else
+				seek(fd, 0, 2);
+		}
+	}
+	if(fd1){
+		close(*fd1);
+		*fd1 = fd;
+	}
+	if(fd2){
+		r->fmtrw = fd == -1;
+		close(*fd2);
+		*fd2 = fd;
+	}
+	return fd;
+}
+
+int
+special(char *s, Dev *d, Req *r)
+{
+	char buf[512], path[128], *f[20], sbuf[512], s2[512], *p, *e, *t;
+	uchar *u;
+	int i, j, nf;
+	Atatab *a;
+
+	p = buf;
+	e = buf + sizeof buf;
+	if(!strcmp(s, "close")){
+		r->haverfis = 0;
+		close(d->fd);
+		d->fd = -1;
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if(!strcmp(s, "scttrace")){
+		scttrace = 1;
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if(!strcmp(s, "dev")){
+		if(d->fd == -1){
+			eprint("!bad cmd (device closed)\n");
+			return 0;
+		}
+		if(fd2path(d->fd, path, sizeof path) == -1)
+			sysfatal("fd2path: %r");
+		chopoff(path, "/raw");
+		p = seprint(p, e, "dev\t%s\n", path);
+		p = seprint(p, e, "flags\t");
+		p = pflag(p, e, d);
+		p = seprint(p, e, "lsectsz\t" "%ud ptol %ud\n", d->lsectsz, 1<<d->physshift);
+		p = seprint(p, e, "geometry %llud %ud\n", d->nsect, d->secsize);
+		if(d->c | d->h | d->s)
+			seprint(p, e, "chs\t%d %d %d\n", d->c, d->h, d->s);
+		print("%s", buf);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if(!strcmp(s, "help")){
+		suggesttab(buf, atatab, nelem(atatab));
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if(!strcmp(s, "probe")){
+		probe();
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if(!strcmp(s, "rfis")){
+		if(r->haverfis == 0){
+			eprint("!no rfis\n");
+			return 0;
+		}
+		p = seprint(p, e, "%.2x\n", r->reply.sdcmd);
+		u = r->reply.fis;
+		for(i = 0; i < 16; i++)
+			p = seprint(p, e, "%.2ux", u[i]);
+		seprint(p, e, "\n");
+		print("%s", buf);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	for(t = s; *t == '<' || *t == '>'; t++)
+		;
+	if(t != s)
+		snprint(sbuf, sizeof buf, "%.*s %s", (int)(t - s), s, t);
+	else
+		snprint(sbuf, sizeof sbuf, "%s", s);
+	nf = tokenize(sbuf, f, nelem(f));
+	if(!strcmp(f[0], "issuetr")){
+		if(nf == 1)
+			for(i = 0; i < nelem(issuetr); i++)
+				issuetr[i] ^= 1;
+		else{
+			p = s2;
+			e = s2 + sizeof s2;
+			for(i = 1; i < nf - 1; i++)
+				p = seprint(p, e, "%s ", f[i]);
+			p = seprint(p, e, "%s", f[i]);
+			e = s2;
+			for(i = 1; i < nf; i++){
+				j = strtoul(f[i], &p, 0);
+				if(*p == 0 && j < nelem(issuetr))
+					issuetr[i] ^= 1;
+				else if(a = findtab(&e, atatab, nelem(atatab)))
+					issuetr[a->cc & 0xff] ^= 1;
+			}
+		}
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if(!strcmp(f[0], "open")){
+		r->lba = 0;
+		if(nf == 2)
+			opendev(f[1], d);
+		else
+			eprint("!bad args to open\n");
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if(!strcmp(f[0], ">")){
+		doredir(r, f, nf, OWRITE, 0, &r->wfd);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if(!strcmp(f[0], "<")){
+		doredir(r, f, nf, OREAD, &r->rfd, 0);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if(!strcmp(f[0], "<>")){
+		doredir(r, f, nf, OWRITE, &r->rfd, &r->wfd);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return -1;
+}
+
+static char *regtab[] = {
+	"Ftype",
+	"Fflags",
+	"Fcmd",
+	"Ffeat",
+	"Flba0",
+	"Flba8",
+	"Flba16",
+	"Fdev",
+	"Flba24",
+	"Flba32",
+	"Flba40",
+	"Ffeat8",
+	"Fsc",
+	"Fsc8",
+	"Fr",
+	"Fcontrol",
+};
+
+void
+setreg(Req *r, uint reg, uvlong v)
+{
+	uchar *o;
+	int x;
+
+	switch(reg & (Sbase | Pbase)){
+	case 0:
+		r->fisbits |= 1 << reg;
+		r->cmd.fis[reg] = v;
+//	print("%s: %.2ux\n", regtab[reg], (uchar)v);
+		break;
+	case Sbase:
+	case Sbase | Pbase:
+		x = reg & ~(Sbase | Ssz);
+		o = r->data + x*2;
+		assert(x < r->count);
+		switch(reg & Ssz){
+		default:
+			print("reg & Ssz %ux\n", reg & Ssz);
+			_assert("bad table");
+		case Sw:
+			pw(o, v);
+			break;
+		case Sdw:
+			pdw(o, v);
+			break;
+		case Sqw:
+			pqw(o, v);
+			break;
+		}
+		break;
+	case Pbase:
+		/* fix me please: this is teh suck */
+		r->fisbits |= 1 << 16;
+		r->cmd.ataproto = v;
+		break;
+	}
+}
+
+int
+setfis0(Req *r, Txtab *t, char *p)
+{
+	char *e;
+	uvlong v;
+
+	v = strtoull(p, &e, 0);
+	setreg(r, t->val, v);
+	return *e != 0;
+}
+
+char**
+setfis(Atatab*, Req *r, char **p)
+{
+	char *s;
+	int i;
+
+loop:
+	if((s = p[0]) == 0)
+		return p;
+	for(i = 0; i < nelem(regtx); i++)
+		if(strcmp(s, regtx[i].name) == 0 && p[1] != nil){
+//			print("setfis0 %s %s\n", p[0], p[1]);
+			setfis0(r, regtx + i, p[1]);
+			p += 2;
+			goto loop;
+		}
+	return p;
+}
+
+char*
+rname(char *buf, int n, int r)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	for(i = 0; i < nelem(regtx); i++)
+		if(regtx[i].val == r){
+			snprint(buf, n, "%s", regtx[i].name);
+			return buf;
+		}
+	snprint(buf, n, "%.2ux", r);
+	return buf;
+}
+
+int
+mwcmp(char *a, char ***l)
+{
+	char buf[128], *f[20], **p;
+	int nf, i;
+
+	if(*a == 0)
+		return 0;
+	p = *l;
+	if(p[0] == 0)
+		return -1;
+	snprint(buf, sizeof buf, "%s", a);
+	nf = tokenize(buf, f, nelem(f));
+	for(i = 0; i < nf; i++)
+		if(p[i] == nil || cistrcmp(p[i], f[i]) != 0)
+			return -1;
+	*l = p + i - 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+char **dofetab(Fetab*, Req*, char**);
+
+static char hexdig[] = "ABCDEFabcdef0123456789";
+static char hexonly[] = "ABCDEFabcdef";
+static char Enum[] = "expecting number";
+
+int
+fenum(Fetab *, int v, char ***p)
+{
+	char *e, *s, *r;
+	int base;
+
+	if(v >= 0)
+		return v;
+	s = *(*p + 1);
+	e = nil;
+	if(s == nil || *s == 0)
+		e = Enum;
+	else{
+		base = 0;
+		if(strspn(s, hexdig) == strlen(s) &&
+		strpbrk(s, hexonly) != nil)
+			base = 0x10;
+		v = strtoul(s, &r, base);
+		if(*r)
+			e = Enum;
+	}
+	if(e == nil)
+		(*p)++;
+	else
+		print("error: %s [%s]\n", e, s);
+	return v;
+}
+
+char**
+dofetab0(Fetab *t, Req *r, char **p)
+{
+	int i, v;
+	Txtab *tab;
+
+	if(t == nil)
+		return p;
+	tab = t->tab;
+loop:
+	for(i = 0; i < t->ntab; i++)
+		if(mwcmp(tab[i].name, &p) == 0){
+			v = fenum(t, tab[i].val, &p);
+			setreg(r, t->reg, v);
+			if(tab[i].name[0] != 0){
+				p = dofetab(tab[i].fe, r, p + 1);
+				goto loop;
+			}
+		}
+	return p;
+
+}
+
+char**
+dofetab(Fetab *t, Req *r, char **p)
+{
+	for(; t != nil && t->ntab > 0; t++)
+		p = dofetab0(t, r, p);
+	return p;
+}
+
+char**
+dotab(Atatab *a, Req *r, char **p)
+{
+	if(a->tab == nil)
+		return p;
+	return dofetab(a->tab, r, p);
+}
+
+void
+initreq(Req *r)
+{
+	memset(r, 0, sizeof *r);
+//	r->wfd = open("/dev/null", OWRITE);
+	r->wfd = dup(1, -1);
+	if(rflag == 0)
+		r->fmtrw = 1;
+	r->rfd = open("/dev/zero", OREAD);
+}
+
+void
+setup(void)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	for(i = 0; i < nelem(atatab); i++)
+		if(atatab[i].cc == 0x2f){
+			sctread = atatab + i;
+			break;
+		}
+	for(; i < nelem(atatab); i++)
+		if(atatab[i].cc == 0x3f){
+			sctissue = atatab + i;
+			break;
+		}
+	for(; i < nelem(atatab); i++)
+		if(atatab[i].cc == 0xa1){
+			idpktcmd = atatab + i;
+			break;
+		}
+	for(; i < nelem(atatab); i++)
+		if(atatab[i].cc == 0xec){
+			idcmd = atatab + i;
+			break;
+		}
+	for(; i < nelem(atatab); i++)
+		if(atatab[i].cc == 0xf000){
+			sigcmd = atatab + i;
+			break;
+		}
+}
+
+typedef struct Htab Htab;
+struct Htab {
+	ulong	bit;
+	char	*name;
+};
+
+Htab ertab[] = {
+	Eicrc,	"icrc",
+	Ewp,	"wp",
+	Emc,	"mc",
+	Eidnf,	"idnf",
+	Emcr,	"mcr",
+	Eabrt,	"abrt",
+	Enm,	"nm",
+	Emed,	"med",
+	Eunc,	"unc",
+};
+
+Htab sttab[] = {
+	ASbsy,	"bsy",
+	ASdrdy,	"drdy",
+	ASdf,	"df",
+	ASdrq,	"drq",
+	ASerr,	"err",
+};
+
+static char*
+htabfmt(char *p, char *e, Htab *t, int n, ulong u)
+{
+	char *p0;
+	uint i;
+
+	p0 = p;
+	for(i = 0; i < n; i++)
+		if(u & t[i].bit)
+			p = seprint(p, e, "%s | ", t[i].name);
+	if(p - 3 >= p0)
+		p -= 3;
+	if(p < e)
+		p[0] = 0;
+	return p;
+}
+
+void
+prerror(Req *r)
+{
+	char st[64], er[64];
+	uchar *u;
+
+	u = r->reply.fis;
+	if(r->haverfis == 0 ||  (u[Fstatus] & ASerr) == 0)
+		return;
+	htabfmt(er, er + sizeof er, ertab, nelem(ertab), u[Frerror]);
+	htabfmt(st, st + sizeof st, sttab, nelem(sttab), u[Fstatus] & ~ASobs);
+	fprint(2, "err %.2ux %.2ux (%s, %s)\n", u[Frerror], u[Fstatus], er, st);
+}
+
+void
+usage(void)
+{
+	eprint("usage: atazz dev\n");
+	eprint(" or -c cmd\n");
+	exits("usage");
+}
+
+void
+main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+	char buf[1024], *p, *f[20], **fp;
+	int nf, cflag, i;
+	Atatab *a;
+	Req r;
+	Dev d;
+
+	cflag = 0;
+	ARGBEGIN{
+	case 'c':
+		cflag = atoi(EARGF(usage()));
+		break;
+	case 'r':
+		rflag = 1;
+		break;
+	default:
+		usage();
+	}ARGEND
+
+	if(cflag){
+		for(i = 0; i < nelem(atatab); i++)
+			if(atatab[i].cc == cflag)
+				print("%s\n", atatab[i].name);
+		exits("");
+	}
+
+	setup();
+	fmtinstall(L'π', πfmt);
+	if(argc > 1)
+		usage();
+	initreq(&r);
+	d.fd = -1;
+	if(argc == 1 && opendev(*argv, &d) == -1)
+		sysfatal("opendev: %r");
+	atnotify(catch, 1);
+	for(;;){
+		memset(&r.cmd, 0, sizeof r.cmd);
+		r.fisbits = 0;
+		if(readline("az> ", buf, sizeof buf-1) == nil)
+			break;
+		if((p = trim(buf)) == nil)
+			continue;
+		if(special(buf, &d, &r) == 0)
+			continue;
+		if(d.fd == -1){
+			eprint("!bad cmd (device closed)\n");
+			continue;
+		}
+		a = findtab(&p, atatab, nelem(atatab));
+		if(!a){
+			suggesttab(buf, atatab, nelem(atatab));
+			eprint("!unknown cmd\n");
+			continue;
+		}
+		nf = tokenize(p, f, nelem(f) - 1);
+		f[nf] = 0;
+		fp = stdargs(a, &r, f);
+		fp = setfis(a, &r, fp);
+		if(a->protocol & Psct){
+			r.count = 1 * 512;
+			r.data = realloc(r.data, r.count);
+			memset(r.data, 0, r.count);
+		}
+		fp = dotab(a, &r, fp);
+		switch(a->protocol & Pprotom){
+		default:
+			eprint("!bad proto1 %.2ux\n", a->protocol & Pprotom);
+			continue;
+		case Pnd:
+			fp = ndargs(a, &r, fp);
+		case Preset:
+		case Pdiag:
+			r.count = 0;
+			r.lba = 0;
+			r.nsect = 0;
+			break;
+		case Ppio:
+		case Pdma:
+		case Pdmq:
+		case Ppkt:
+			if(a->flags & Cmd5sc){
+				r.nsect = r.cmd.fis[Fsc];
+				if(r.nsect == 0)
+					r.nsect = 1;
+				r.cmd.fis[Fsc] = r.nsect;
+				r.count = r.nsect * 0x200;
+			}else if((a->protocol & Pssm) == P512){
+				r.lba = 0;
+				r.nsect = 0;
+				r.count = 512;
+			}else{
+				fp = ioargs(a, &r, fp);
+				r.count = d.secsize * r.nsect;
+			}
+			break;
+		}
+		if(fp[0]){
+			eprint("!extra args %π\n", fp);
+			continue;
+		}
+		if(issue(&r, a, &d) == -1){
+			prerror(&r);
+			continue;
+		}
+		if(a->fmt)
+			a->fmt(&r);
+	}
+	exits("");
+}
diff --git a/sys/src/cmd/atazz/mkfile b/sys/src/cmd/atazz/mkfile
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..9dc7214b4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sys/src/cmd/atazz/mkfile
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+</$objtype/mkfile
+
+TARG =	atazz
+
+HFILES = atazz.h tabs.h
+OFILES = bit.$O main.$O probe.$O
+
+BIN=/$objtype/bin
+UPDATE=\
+	mkfile\
+	$HFILES\
+	${OFILES:%.$O=%.c}\
+	${TARG:%=/386/bin/%}\
+
+%.ps:DQ:	%.ms
+	eval `{doctype macros.ms $stem.ms} | \
+	lp -m.9 -dstdout >$target
+
+%.pdf:DQ: %.ps
+	cat /sys/doc/docfonts $stem.ps >_$stem.ps
+	ps2pdf _$stem.ps $stem.pdf && rm -f _$stem.ps
+
+</sys/src/cmd/mkone
diff --git a/sys/src/cmd/atazz/probe.c b/sys/src/cmd/atazz/probe.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..7963364be
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sys/src/cmd/atazz/probe.c
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+#include <u.h>
+#include <libc.h>
+#include <fis.h>
+#include "atazz.h"
+
+static int
+ckprint(char *s)
+{
+	char buf[ERRMAX];
+	int st;
+	Dev d;
+
+	squelch = 1;
+	d.fd = -1;
+	st = opendev(s, &d);
+	squelch = 0;
+	if(st == -1){
+		rerrstr(buf, sizeof buf);
+		if(strstr(buf, "ata command") != nil)
+			return 0;
+		return 0 /* -1 */;
+	}
+	close(d.fd);
+	print("%s\t%llud; %ud\t%llux\n", s, d.nsect, d.secsize, d.wwn);
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static int
+probe0(char *s, int l)
+{
+	char *p, *f[3], buf[16];
+	int i, r;
+
+	s[l] = 0;
+	r = 0;
+	for(; p = strchr(s, '\n'); s = p + 1){
+		if(tokenize(s, f, nelem(f)) < 1)
+			continue;
+		for(i = 0; i < 10; i++){
+			snprint(buf, sizeof buf, "/dev/%s%d", f[0], i);
+			switch(ckprint(buf)){
+			case -1:
+				eprint("!device error %s: %r\n", buf);
+				break;
+			case 0:
+				goto nextdev;
+			case 1:
+				r++;
+				break;
+			}
+		nextdev:
+			;
+		}
+	}
+	return r;
+}
+
+int
+probe(void)
+{
+	char *s;
+	int fd, l, r;
+
+	fd = open("/dev/sdctl", OREAD);
+	if(fd == -1)
+		return -1;
+	r = -1;
+	l = 1024;	/* #S/sdctl has 0 size; guess */
+	if(s = malloc(l + 1))
+	if((l = read(fd, s, l)) > 0)
+		r = probe0(s, l);
+	free(s);
+	close(fd);
+	return r;
+}
diff --git a/sys/src/cmd/atazz/sctnotes b/sys/src/cmd/atazz/sctnotes
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..294b4edf1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sys/src/cmd/atazz/sctnotes
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+read log ext page 17
+	- phy error log
+read log ext sctstat
+	- current temperature
+
+sct read data table hda temperature history
+	- temperature history
+sct feature control
+	set state [preserve]
+		write cache
+		write cache reordering
+			enable
+			disable
+			set features
+		temperature logging interval
+			minutes
+	return state
+	return feature option flags
+		write cache
+		write cache reordering
+		temperature logging interval
+az> sct error recovery time set read timer = 5
+az> sct error recovery time return read timer
+
+sct cmd: Invalid Function code in SCT Feature Control command
diff --git a/sys/src/cmd/atazz/smartnotes b/sys/src/cmd/atazz/smartnotes
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0f169b6ab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sys/src/cmd/atazz/smartnotes
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+this currently needs some more work
+
+az> smart lba0 1 execute off-line immediate	# short data collection
+az> smart read data
+col status: 06 aborted by device with fatal error
+exe status: 89 failed: shipping damage, 90% left
+time left: 11924s
+shrt poll: 200m
+ext poll: 21m
+
+options are:
+lba0
+0x00	normal
+0x01	short self-test
+0x02	extended self-test
+0x03	conveyance self-test
+0x04	selective self-test
+0x7f	abort off-line mode self-test routine
+0x81	short self-test in captive mode
+0x82	extended "
+0x83	conveyance "
+0x85	selective "
diff --git a/sys/src/cmd/atazz/tabs.h b/sys/src/cmd/atazz/tabs.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..3854199c2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sys/src/cmd/atazz/tabs.h
@@ -0,0 +1,466 @@
+Txtab regtx[] = {
+	Ftype,	"type",	0,
+	Fflags,	"flags",	0,
+	Fcmd,	"cmd",	0,
+	Ffeat,	"feat",	0,
+	Flba0,	"lba0",	0,
+	Flba8,	"lba8",	0,
+	Flba16,	"lba16",	0,
+	Fdev,	"dev",	0,
+	Flba24,	"lba24",	0,
+	Flba32,	"lba32",	0,
+	Flba40,	"lba40",	0,
+	Ffeat8,	"feat8",	0,
+	Fsc,	"sc",	0,
+	Fsc8,	"sc8",	0,
+	Ficc,	"icc",	0,
+	Fcontrol,"control",	0,
+
+	/* aliases */
+	Ffeat,	"features",	0,
+	Flba0,	"sector",	0,
+	Flba8,	"cyl0",	0,
+	Flba8,	"byte0",	0,
+	Flba16,	"cyl8",	0,
+	Flba24,	"dh",	0,
+	Flba24,	"byte8",	0,
+	Flba32,	"cyl24",	0,
+	Flba40,	"cyl32",	0,
+};
+
+Txtab smautosave[] = {
+	0,	"disable",	0,
+	0xf1,	"enable",		0,
+};
+
+Fetab _b0d2[] = {
+	Fsc,	smautosave,	nelem(smautosave),
+	0,	0,		0,
+};
+
+Txtab smlba8[] = {
+	0x4f,	"",		0,
+};
+Txtab smlba16[] = {
+	0xc2,	"",		0,
+};
+
+Txtab smartfeat[] = {
+//	0xd0,	"read data",			0,
+	0xd2,	"attribute autosave",		_b0d2,
+	0xd2,	"aa",				0,
+	0xd4,	"execute off-line immediate",	0,
+//	0xd5,	"read log",			0,
+//	0xd6,	"write log",			0,
+	0xd8,	"enable operations",		0,
+	0xd9,	"disable operations",		0,
+	0xda,	"return status",			0,
+};
+
+Fetab _b0[] = {
+	Ffeat,	smartfeat,	nelem(smartfeat),
+	Flba8,	smlba8,	1,
+	Flba16,	smlba16,	1,
+	0,	0,	0,
+};
+
+Txtab _b0d0feat[] = {
+	0xd0,	"",		0,
+};
+
+Fetab _b0d0[] = {
+	Ffeat,	_b0d0feat,	nelem(_b0d0feat),
+	Flba8,	smlba8,	1,
+	Flba16,	smlba16,	1,
+	0,	0,	0,
+};
+
+
+Txtab _b0d5feat[] = {
+	0xd5,	"",		0,
+};
+
+Txtab _b0d5count[] = {
+	0x01,	"",		0,
+};
+
+Txtab smpage[] = {
+	0x00,	"page 0",		0,
+	0x01,	"page 1",		0,
+	0x02,	"page 2",		0,
+	0x03,	"page 3",		0,
+	0x04,	"page 4",		0,
+	0x05,	"page 5",		0,
+	0x06,	"page 6",		0,
+	0x07,	"page 7",		0,
+	0x08,	"page 8",		0,
+	0x09,	"page 9",		0,
+	0x11,	"page 17",	0,
+	0xe0,	"sctstat",		0,
+	0xe1,	"sctdata",	0,
+};
+
+Fetab _b0d5[] = {
+	Ffeat,	_b0d5feat,	nelem(_b0d5feat),
+//	Fsc,	_b0d5count,	nelem(_b0d5count),
+	Flba0,	smpage,		nelem(smpage),
+	Flba8,	smlba8,	1,
+	Flba16,	smlba16,	1,
+	0,	0,	0,
+};
+
+Fetab _2f[] = {
+	Flba0,	smpage,		nelem(smpage),
+	0,	0,		0,
+};
+
+Txtab nvfeat[] = {
+	0x00,	"set power mode",			0,
+	0x01,	"return from power mode",		0,
+	0x10,	"add lbas",			0,
+	0x11,	"remove lbas",			0,
+	0x13,	"query pinned set",		0,
+	0x13,	"query misses",			0,
+	0x14,	"flush",				0,
+	0x15,	"disable",			0,
+	0x16,	"disable",			0,
+};
+
+Fetab _b6[] = {
+	Ffeat,	nvfeat,		nelem(nvfeat),
+	0,	0,		0,
+};
+
+Txtab umodes[] = {
+	0x40,	"0",	0,
+	0x41,	"1",	0,
+	0x42,	"2",	0,
+	0x43,	"3",	0,
+	0x44,	"4",	0,
+	0x45,	"5",	0,
+	0x46,	"6",	0,
+};
+
+Fetab _ef0340[] = {
+	Fsc,	umodes,	nelem(umodes),
+	0,	0,	0,
+};
+
+Txtab txmode[] = {
+	0x00,	"pio",		0,
+	0x01,	"pio-iordy",	0,
+	0x08,	"piofc",		0,
+	0x20,	"mwdma",	0,
+	0x40,	"udma",		_ef0340,
+};
+
+Fetab _ef03[] = {
+	Fsc,	txmode,	nelem(txmode),
+	0,	0,	0,
+};
+
+Txtab apmmode[] = {
+	0xfe,	"maximum",	0,
+	0x80,	"minimum without standby",	0,
+	0x02,	"intermediate",	0,
+	0x01,	"standby",	0,
+};
+
+Fetab _ef05[] = {
+	Fsc,	apmmode,	nelem(apmmode),
+	0,	0,	0,
+};
+
+Txtab scisone[] = {
+	1,	"",		0,
+};
+
+Fetab _scis1[] = {
+	Fsc,	scisone,	nelem(scisone),
+	0,	0,	0,
+};
+
+Txtab feat[] = {
+	0x01,	"enable 8-bit pio",	0,
+	0x02,	"enable write cache",	0,
+	0x03,	"set transfer mode",	_ef03,
+	0x05,	"enable apm",	_ef05,
+	0x06,	"enable power-up in standby",	0,
+	0x07,	"power-up in standby device spin-up",	0,
+	0x10,	"enable sata features",		0,
+	0x0a,	"enable cfa power mode 1",	0,
+	0x31,	"disable media status notification",	0,
+	0x42,	"enable aam",	0,
+	0x43,	"set maximum host interface sector times",	0,
+	0x55,	"disable read look-ahead",	0,
+	0x5d,	"enable release interrupt",	0,
+	0x5e,	"enable service interrupt",	0,
+	0x66,	"disable reverting to power-on defaults",	0,
+	0x81,	"disable 8-bit pio",	0,
+	0x82,	"disable write cache",	0,
+	0x85,	"disable apm",	0,
+	0x86,	"disable power-up in standby",	0,
+	0x8a,	"disable cfa power mode 1",	0,
+	0x10,	"disable sata features",		0,
+	0x95,	"enable media status notification",	0,
+	0xaa,	"enable read look-ahead",	0,
+	0xc1,	"disable free-fall control", 0,
+	0xc2,	"disable aam",	0,
+	0xc3,	"sense data",	0,				/* incomplete; enable/disable */
+	0xcc,	"enable reverting to power-on defaults",	0,
+	0xdd,	"disable release interrupt",	0,
+	0xde,	"disable service interrupt",	0,
+};
+
+Fetab _ef[] = {
+	Ffeat,	feat,	nelem(feat),
+	0,	0,	0,
+};
+
+/* 0xffff — sct command executing in background */
+char *sctetab[] = {
+	"Command complete without error",
+	"Invalid Function Code",
+	"Input LBA out of range"
+	"Request 512-byte data block count overflow.", /* sic */
+	"Invalid Function code in Error Recovery command",
+	"Invalid Selection code in Error Recovery command",
+	"Host read command timer is less than minimum value",
+	"Host write command timer is less than minimum value",
+	"Background SCT command was aborted because of an interrupting host command",
+	"Background SCT command was terminated because of unrecoverable error",
+	"Invalid Function code in SCT Read/Write Long command",
+	"SCT data transfer command was issued without first issuing an SCT command",
+	"Invalid Function code in SCT Feature Control command",
+	"Invalid Feature code in SCT Feature Control command",
+	"Invalid New State value in SCT Feature Control command",
+	"Invalid Option Flags value in SCT Feature Control command",
+	"Invalid SCT Action code",
+	"Invalid Table ID (table not supported)",
+	"Command wa saborted due to device security being locked",
+	"Invalid revision code in SCT data",
+	"Foreground SCT operation was terminated because of unrecoverable error",
+	"Error Recovery Timer expired",	/* sic */
+};
+
+Txtab fcfewcrt[] = {
+	1,	"enable",		0,
+	2,	"disable",	0,
+};
+
+Fetab fcfewcr[] = {
+	Sstate,	fcfewcrt,	nelem(fcfewcrt),
+	0,	0,	0,
+};
+
+Txtab fcfewct[] = {
+	1,	"set features",	0,
+	2,	"enable",		0,
+	3,	"disable",	0,
+};
+
+Fetab fcfewc[] = {
+	Sstate,	fcfewct,	nelem(fcfewct),
+	0,	0,	0,
+};
+
+Txtab fcfn[] = {
+	1,	"set state",	0,
+	2,	"return state",	0,
+	3,	"return feature option flags",	0,
+};
+
+Txtab fcfe[] = {
+	2,	"write cache reordering",	fcfewcr,
+	1,	"write cache",	fcfewc,
+	3,	"temperature logging interval", 0,
+};
+
+Txtab fcoptf[] = {
+	1,	"preserve",	0,
+};
+
+Txtab fcproto[] = {
+	Pnd,	"",	0,
+};
+
+Fetab sctfc[] = {
+	Sfn,	fcfn,	nelem(fcfn),
+	Sfe,	fcfe,	nelem(fcfe),
+	Soptf,	fcoptf,	nelem(fcoptf),
+	Pbase,	fcproto,	nelem(fcproto),
+	0,	0,	0,
+};
+
+Txtab sctdt[] = {
+	Stabid,	"tableid",	0,
+};
+
+Txtab tabnam[] = {
+	2,	"hda temperature history",	0,
+};
+
+Txtab tablefc[] = {
+	1,	"",	0,
+};
+
+Fetab tables[] = {
+	Sfn,	tablefc,	nelem(tablefc),
+	Stabid,	tabnam,	nelem(tabnam),
+	0,	0,	0,
+};
+
+Txtab ersc[] = {
+	1,	"read timer",	0,
+	2,	"write timer",	0,
+};
+
+Txtab erfc[] = {
+	1,	"set",	0,
+	2,	"return",	0,
+};
+
+Txtab erti[] = {
+	-1,	"=",	0,
+};
+
+Fetab scter[] = {
+	Sfn,	erfc,	nelem(erfc),
+	Ssc,	ersc,	nelem(ersc),
+	Stimer,	erti,	nelem(erti),
+	Pbase,	fcproto,	nelem(fcproto),
+	0,	0,	0,
+};
+
+Fetab patfe[] = {
+	Pbase,	fcproto,	nelem(fcproto),
+	0,	0,	0,
+};
+
+Txtab wsfc[] = {
+	1,	"repeat write pattern",		patfe,
+	2,	"repeat write data block",		0,
+	0x101,	"repeat write pattern foreground",	patfe,
+	0x102,	"repeat write data block foreground",	0,
+};
+
+Txtab wslba[] = {
+	-1,	"lba",	0,
+};
+
+Txtab wscnt[] = {
+	-1,	"count",	0,
+};
+
+Txtab wspat[] = {
+	-1,	"pattern",	0,
+};
+
+Fetab wsame[] = {
+	Sfn,	wsfc,	nelem(wsfc),
+	Slba,	wslba,	nelem(wslba),
+	Scnt,	wscnt,	nelem(wscnt),
+	Spat,	wspat,	nelem(wspat),
+	0,	0,	0,
+};
+
+Txtab action[] = {
+	5,	"read data table",	tables,
+	4,	"feature control",	sctfc,
+	3,	"error recovery time", scter,
+	2,	"write same",	wsame,
+};
+
+Fetab scta[] = {
+	Saction,	action,	nelem(action),
+	0,	0,	0,
+};
+
+Atatab atatab[] = {
+0x00,	0,	0,	Pnd|P28,		0,	0,	"nop",
+0x03,	0,	Cmdn,	Pnd|P28,		0,	0,	"cfa request extended error",
+0x08,	Cmdn,	0,	Preset|P28,		0,	0,	"device reset",
+0x0b,	0,	Cmdp,	Pnd|P48,		0,	0,	"request sense data ext",
+0x20,	0,	0,	Pin|Ppio|P28,		0,	iofmt,	"read sector",
+0x24,	0,	Cmdn,	Pin|Ppio|P48,		0,	iofmt,	"read sector ext",
+0x25,	0,	Cmdn,	Pin|Pdma|P48,		0,	iofmt,	"read dma ext",
+0x26,	0,	Cmdn,	Pin|Pdmq|P48,		0,	iofmt,	"read dma queued ext",
+0x27,	0,	Cmdn,	Pnd|P48,		0,	0,	"read native max address ext",
+0x29,	0,	Cmdn,	Pin|Ppio|P48,		0,	iofmt,	"read multiple ext",
+0x2a,	0,	Cmdn,	Pin|Pdma|P48,		0,	iofmt,	"read stream dma ext",
+0x2b,	0,	Cmdn,	Pin|Ppio|P48,		0,	iofmt,	"read stream ext",
+0x2f,	Cmd5sc,	0,	Pin|Ppio|P48|P512,	_2f,	glfmt,	"read log ext",
+0x2f,	Cmd5sc,	0,	Psct|Pin|Ppio|P48|P512,	scta,	0,	"sct",
+0x30,	0,	Cmdn,	Pout|Ppio|P28,		0,	0,	"write sector",
+0x34,	0,	Cmdn,	Pout|Ppio|P48,		0,	0,	"write sector ext",
+0x35,	0,	Cmdn,	Pout|Pdma|P48,		0,	0,	"write dma ext",
+0x36,	0,	Cmdn,	Pout|Pdmq|P48,		0,	0,	"write dma queued ext",
+0x37,	0,	Cmdn,	Pnd|P48,		0,	0,	"set max address ext",
+0x38,	0,	Cmdn,	Pout|Ppio|P28,		0,	0,	"cfa write sectors without erase",
+0x39,	0,	Cmdn,	Pout|Ppio|P48,		0,	0,	"write multiple ext",
+0x3a,	0,	Cmdn,	Pout|Pdma|P48,		0,	0,	"write stream dma ext",
+0x3b,	0,	Cmdn,	Pout|Ppio|P48,		0,	0,	"write stream ext",
+0x3d,	0,	Cmdn,	Pout|Pdma|P48,		0,	0,	"write dma fua ext",
+0x3e,	0,	Cmdn,	Pout|Pdmq|P48,		0,	0,	"write dma queued fua ext",
+0x3f,	0,	0,	Pout|Ppio|P48,		0,	0,	"write log ext",
+0x40,	0,	Cmdn,	Pnd|P28,		0,	0,	"read verify sector",
+0x42,	0,	Cmdn,	Pnd|P48,		0,	0,	"read verify sector ext",
+0x45,	0,	Cmdn,	Pnd|P48,		0,	0,	"write uncorrectable ext",
+0x47,	Cmd5sc,	0,	Pin|Pdma|P48|P512,	_2f,	glfmt,	"read log dma ext",
+0x51,	0,	0,	Pnd|P48,		0,	0,	"configure stream",
+0x57,	0,	0,	Pout|Pdma|P48,		0,	0,	"write log dma ext",
+0x5b,	0,	Cmdp,	Pnd|P28,		0,	0,	"trusted non-data",
+0x5c,	0,	Cmdp,	Pin|Ppio|P28,		0,	iofmt,	"trusted receive",
+0x5d,	0,	Cmdp,	Pin|Pdma|P28,		0,	iofmt,	"trusted receive dma",
+0x5e,	0,	Cmdp,	Pout|Ppio|P28,		0,	0,	"trusted send",
+0x5f,	0,	Cmdp,	Pout|Pdma|P28,		0,	0,	"trusted send dma",
+0x60,	0,	Cmdn,	Pin|Pdmq|P48,		0,	iofmt,	"read fpdma queued",
+0x61,	0,	Cmdn,	Pout|Pdmq|P48,		0,	0,	"write fpdma queued",
+0x87,	0,	Cmdn,	Pin|Ppio|P28,		0,	iofmt,	"cfa translate sector",
+0x90,	0,	0,	Pdiag|P28,		0,	0,	"execute device diagnostic",
+0x92,	0,	Cmdn,	Pout|Ppio|P28,		0,	0,	"download microcode",
+0x93,	0,	Cmdn,	Pout|Pdma|P28,		0,	0,	"download microcode dma",
+0xa0,	Cmdn,	0,	Ppkt,			0,	0,	"packet",
+0xa1,	Cmdn,	0,	Pin|Ppio|P28|P512,	_scis1,	idfmt,	"identify packet device",
+0xb0,	Cmd5sc,	Cmdn,	Pin|Ppio|P28|P512,	 _b0d0,	sdfmt,	"smart read data",
+0xb0,	Cmd5sc,	Cmdn,	Pin|Ppio|P28|P512,	 _b0d5,	slfmt,	"smart read log",
+0xb0,	0,	Cmdn,	Pnd|P28,		 _b0,	smfmt,	"smart",
+0xb1,	0,	0,	Pnd|P28,		0,	0,	"device configuration overlay",
+0xb6,	0,	Cmdn,	Pnd|P48,		0,	0,	"nv cache",
+0xc0,	Cmdf,	Cmdn,	Pnd|P28,		0,	0,	"cfa erase sectors",
+0xc4,	0,	Cmdn,	Pin|Ppio|P28,		0,	iofmt,	"read multiple",
+0xc5,	0,	Cmdn,	Pout|Ppio|P28,		0,	0,	"write multiple",
+0xc6,	0,	Cmdn,	Pnd|P28,		0,	0,	"set multiple mode",
+0xc7,	0,	Cmdn,	Pin|Pdmq|P28,		0,	iofmt,	"read dma queued",
+0xc8,	0,	Cmdn,	Pin|Pdma|P28,		0,	iofmt,	"read dma",
+0xca,	0,	Cmdn,	Pout|Pdma|P28,		0,	0,	"write dma",
+0xcc,	0,	Cmdn,	Pout|Pdmq|P28,		0,	0,	"write dma queued",
+0xcd,	0,	Cmdn,	Pout|Ppio|P28,		0,	0,	"cfa write multiple without erase",
+0xce,	0,	Cmdn,	Pout|Ppio|P48,		0,	0,	"write multiple fua ext",
+0xd1,	0,	Cmdn,	Pnd|P28,		0,	0,	"check media card type",
+0xda,	0,	Cmdn,	Pnd|P28,		0,	0,	"get media status",
+0xe0,	0,	0,	Pnd|P28,		0,	0,	"standby immediate",
+0xe1,	0,	0,	Pnd|P28,		0,	0,	"idle immediate",
+0xe2,	0,	0,	Pnd|P28,		0,	0,	"standby",
+0xe3,	0,	0,	Pnd|P28,		0,	0,	"idle",
+0xe4,	0,	Cmdn,	Pin|Ppio|P28,		0,	iofmt,	"read buffer",
+0xe5,	0,	0,	Pnd|P28,		0,	0,	"check power mode",
+0xe6,	0,	0,	Pnd|P28,		0,	0,	"sleep",
+0xe7,	0,	0,	Pnd|P28,		0,	0,	"flush cache",
+0xe8,	0,	Cmdn,	Pout|Ppio|P28,		0,	0,	"write buffer",
+0xe9,	0,	Cmdn,	Pin|Pdma|P28,		0,	iofmt,	"read buffer dma",
+0xea,	0,	Cmdn,	Pnd|P28,		0,	0,	"flush cache ext",
+0xeb,	0,	Cmdn,	Pdma|P28,		0,	0,	"write buffer dma",
+0xec,	0,	0,	Pin|Ppio|P28|P512,	_scis1,	idfmt,	"identify device",
+0xef,	0,	0,	Pnd|P28,	 	_ef,	0,	"set features",
+0xf1,	0,	0,	Pout|Ppio|P28,		0,	0,	"security set password",
+0xf2,	0,	0,	Pout|Ppio|P28,		0,	0,	"security unlock",
+0xf3,	0,	0,	Pnd|P28,		0,	0,	"security erase prepare",
+0xf4,	0,	0,	Pout|Ppio|P28,		0,	0,	"security erase unit",
+0xf5,	0,	0,	Pnd|P28,		0,	0,	"security freeze lock",
+0xf6,	0,	0,	Pout|Ppio|P28,		0,	0,	"security disable password",
+0xf8,	0,	0,	Pnd|P28,		0,	0,	"read native max address",
+0xf9,	0,	0,	Pnd|P28,		0,	0,	"set max address",
+0xf000,	0,	0,	Pnd|P28,		0,	sigfmt,	"signature",
+0xf100,	0,	0,	Pnd|P28,		0,	0,	"oobreset",
+};